PURPOSE To examine the neuroprotective effect of the alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist brimonidine in a chronic ocular hypertension model. METHODS Intraocular pressure (IOP) was elevated by laser photocoagulation of episcleral and limbal veins. Retinal ganglion cell loss was evaluated in wholemounted retinas. Brimonidine or timolol was administered, either at the time of or 10 days after IOP elevat...

AIM To investigate the effect of timolol and latanoprost on the extracellular matrix organisation, inflammatory infiltration, and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in the human conjunctiva. METHODS Conjunctival biopsies were obtained from the inferior fornix during routine cataract surgery from 20 patients with primary op...

Samples of aqueous humour were removed from 26 eyes at the start of cataract extraction. Two drops of timolol 0.5% had been instilled into the conjunctival sac 12-71 minutes before operation. Analysis by gas chromatography showed a mean timolol concentration of 55.46 ng/mg, with a range of 8 to 100 ng/mg.

PURPOSE To compare the intraocular pressure lowering efficacy and side effect profile of travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5% ophthalmic solution dosed in the morning and evening. METHODS This was a multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-masked, parallel group clinical study of 92 patients with open-angle glaucoma (with or without pseudoexfoliative or pigmentary glaucoma) or ocular hypertensi...

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of timolol in an experimental model of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Three episcleral veins of rats with normal IOP were cauterized. Three months later we examined the effects on anterograde axonal transport from the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to the superior colliculus (SC) as well as on the number of neurons in the retinal ganglion la...

A double-blind cross-over trial of timolol maleate (Timoptol) while routine medical therapy was continued gave the result that pressure was reduced by 3.22 mmHg is compared to placebo and 5.01 compared to pre-timolol levels in 24 patients. There was also a small (1.858 mmHg) drop in pressure in placebo treated eyes, a small and statistically significant drop in resting pulse rate, 76.67 to 71.3...

In a prospective double-blind randomised trial the interaction of timolol and adrenaline was studied in 20 patients with open-angle glaucoma and exfoliative glaucoma. After pretreatment for at least 2 weeks with timolol eyedrops adrenaline was added in a double-blind manner, and the intraocular pressure was recorded during 4 days. The study showed a significantly additive hypotensive effect of ...

Ripasudil hydrochloride hydrate (K-115), a specific Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, is developed for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Topical administration of ripasudil decreases intraocular pressure (IOP) by increasing conventional outflow through the trabeculae to Schlemm's canal, which is different from existing agents that suppress a...

a-Methyldopa acts through a metabolite in the central nervous system. Of the three metabolites most prominently considered as potential mediators of a-methyldopa hypotension — amethyldopamine, a-methylnorepinephrine (MNE), and a-methylepinephrine (ME) — ME is the most potent depressor agent following intravenous infusion into rats, following injection into the lateral ventricle, and following i...

Antecedentes: En los últimos años se han comunicado casos de dermatitis contacto debido a betabloqueadores utilizados en el tratamiento del glaucoma como timolol, levubonol, carteolol o betaxolol. Caso clínico: Hombre 37 edad con diagnóstico dos atrás primario ángulo abierto bilateral, terapia dorzolamida y un agente betabloqueador adrenérgico tópico (timolol) gotas, veces al día. Meses después...