INTRODUCTION One of the most important hand functions is thumb opposition, which results from flexion, abduction and axial rotation at the carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints [1]. The thenar muscles, innervated by the median nerve, are critical for coordinated thumb movements. It is commonly observed that thumb opposition is impaired with median neuropathy [2]. The c...

The purpose of this study was to quantify the long-term loss of independent finger movements in humans with lesions relatively restricted to motor cortex or corticospinal tract. We questioned whether damage to the motor cortex or corticospinal tract would permanently affect the ability to move each finger to the same degree or would affect some fingers more than others. People with pure motor h...

Angular deformity of the thumb is most often caused by a delta phalanx or a longitudinally bracheted diaphysis in a triphalangeal thumb. In some angled thumb, however, triangular-shaped secondary ossification center can cause the deformity, which can be called “abnormal triangular epiphysis” of the thumb. A few clinicians have reported this entity, but they do that utilise this term instead cla...

Resently the authors had the opportunity of performing surgery of a trifurcated thumb, an extremely rare morphological polydactylous condition of the thumb. Trifurcated thumb had not been included under classification of polydactylous thumb heretofore. Comments were made on this entity from the standpoint of its morphology and consideration was given to its developmental mechanism. Also as surg...

Manipulation depends on the thumb's ability to produce well-directed forces of sufficient magnitude. We currently lack a model of the thumb that can realistically predict thumbtip forces in 3D, and the coordination patterns that produce them (Valero-Cuevas, et al., 2003). This may be because the assumed model structure is not able to reproduce functional outputs, and/or because the search for a...

Congenital absence of flexor pollicis longus without associated anomalies is a rare cause of inability to flex the inter-phalangeal (IP) joint of the thumb. Other causes are: anomalous insertion of flexor pollicis longus (FPL), congenital tenovaginitis of the flexor tendon sheath, partial anterior interosseous nerve paralysis, traumatic rupture of FPL and anomalous bands connecting tendons.1 A ...

Purpose. This study was conducted to identify the surface projection of the interosseous foramen and associated structures of the proximal leg using the average clinician's thumb width as a quick measurement to assist in differential diagnosis and treatment. Methods. Twelve cadavers (5 males and 7 females, age range = 51-91 years, and mean age = 76.9) were dissected for analysis. Location and s...

In patients with radial club hand (RCH), there is absence of the radius and severe hypoplasia of the thumb, so both wrist stabilization and thumb reconstruction are essential. When wrist stabilization is performed, recurrence of angulation is a problem. When thumb reconstruction is done, preservation of at least one major dorsal vein is important to prevent necrosis of the reconstructed thumb. ...

BACKGROUND Coverage of part of a soft tissue defect in the thumb, without bone shortening and without long-lasting immobilization in an inappropriate position leading to stiffness, is difficult to achieve OBJECTIVES To report our experience using Foucher's modification of the first dorsal metacarpal artery flap for thumb reconstruction in 21 cases. METHODS Foucher's flap is based on the neu...