Lipotropic action of choline In 1924 Allan, Bowie, Macleod, and Robinson' reported that depancreatized dogs receiving adequate amounts of insulin and maintained on a diet of lean meat, sucrose, and bone ash did not survive for periods of longer than a few months. They also observed that symptoms of failure of liver function due to fat infiltration of the liver found in such animals could be pre...

Pectins are a group of plant polysaccharides whose principal component is 1,4-linked a-d-galactosyluronic acid (O’Neill et al., 1990). Pectins are present in the primary cell walls of all seed-bearing plants and in the junction between cells called the middle lamella. The primary wall surrounds growing plant cells, meristematic cells and cells in succulent tissue such as fruit. The secondary wa...

Henbane, Hyoscyamus niger, is a hallucinogenic plant, widely spread and easy accessible, which contains anticholinergic substances. Ingestion, intentional or accidental, can provoke serious worsening of psychophysical state and can cause even death. Intoxication resembles the one with atropine. Symptoms like mydriasis, tachycardia, arrhythmia, agitation, convulsion and coma can appear. Diagnosi...

Photoprotection is the primary preventive and therapeutic strategy against photoaging and skin cancer. This review presents the most important new advances in both topical and systemic photoprotection. Starting with innovations in the traditional physical and chemical filtering agents, we go on to discuss the growing number of antioxidants, the novel strategies for repairing light-induced DNA d...

This article discusses the various mechanisms, biochemical pathways, and chemical substances involved in neuronal cell death and cell survival, in an attempt to put an order to the sequence of events that ultimately lead to a commitment to neurological cell death. An understanding of these pathways is crucial to discovering etiologies involved in the pathologic changes that occur in patients wi...

Drugs are chemical substances, which can, on consumption and under certain conditions, be toxic and cause Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) in patients. This paper puts forth the proposition of generating a systemic alert to a clinician, at the time of placing a medication order for a patient, when the number of ADRs associated with the selected medication is significantly different from the number...

this study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effects of saffron (crocus sativus l) and its main constituent crocin on neuropathic pain behavioral responses induced by chronic constriction injury (cci) in rats. adult male wistar rats (200 to 250 g) were randomly assigned into 5 groups: sham + saline, cci + saline, cci+ saffron (30 mg/kg), cci +crocin (15 mg/kg) and cci + crocin (30 mg/...

Balanites aegyptiaca (L) Del is a medicinal plant used in several folk medicines and as food condiment etc Africa [1]. Medicinal plants contain large varieties of chemical substances which possess important therapeutic properties that can be utilized in the treatment of human diseases [2]. There are several reports in the literature regarding the chemical components of extracts prepared from pl...

Material and Methods: A total of 24 female Wistar rats were divided into two groups. The control group received saline, and the second group was administered medroxyprogesterone acetate in the therapeutic dose of 30 mg/kg bw. The substances were applied daily, intramuscularly for a period of 7 days. Paraffin sections of thymus were dyed with the following methods: hematoxylin eosin and elastica...

background: the pattern of drug abuse in iran has dramatically changed in recent years, turning from the traditional opioids [opium, opium dross, and refined opium dross (shireh)] into drugs with newer forms. the present study is aimed at investigating the frequency of pathological changes in the lungs of bodies with positive postmortem toxicology results for narcotics and psychotropic substanc...