Optoelectronic devices based on layered perovskites containing fluorinated cations display a well-documented improved stability and enhanced performance over non-fluorinated cations. The effect of fluorination the crystal structure photophysics, however, has received limited attention up until now. Here, 3-fluorophenethylammonium lead iodide ((3-FPEA)2PbI4) single crystals are investigated thei...

Due to its popularity and high crack sensitivity, 6061 aluminum alloy was selected as a test material for the newly developed double-sided arc welding (DSAW) process. The microstructure, crack sensitivity, and porosity of DSAW weldments were studied systematically. The percentage of fine equiaxed grains in the fully penetrated welds is greatly increased. Residual stresses are reduced. Porosity ...

We investigate the back-reaction effect of the quantum field on the topological degrees of freedom in (2+1)-dimensional toroidal universe, M ≃ T 2 × R. Constructing a homogeneous model of the toroidal universe, we examine explicitly the back-reaction effect of the Casimir energy of a massless, conformally coupled scalar field, with a conformal vacuum. The back-reaction causes an instability of ...

We investigate the back-reaction e ect of the quantum eld on the topological degrees of freedom in (2+1)-dimensional toroidal universe, M ' T 2 R. Constructing a homogeneous model of the toroidal universe, we examine explicitly the back-reaction e ect of the Casimir energy of a massless, conformally coupled scalar eld, with a conformal vacuum. The back-reaction causes an instability of the univ...

the group size and behavior of goitered gazelle was studied over the year 2001 in kalmand-bahadoran protected area. gazelle groups showed no stable organization in kalmand protected area. in spring season, group size was smaller than other seasons and the largest groups were seen in winter. number of solitary gazelles increased during the mating season. adult males were territorial in mating se...

BACKGROUND Abuse of older people is a serious issue and is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, and professionals will encounter elderly victims of abuse in all areas of the health care system. An important health determinant is behavioral factors, including coping style, which will impact on how older people manage stress and maintain control in their lives, and thereb...