In this paper, initially, the impact of mask spoofing on face recognition is analyzed. For this purpose, one baseline technique is selected for both 2D and 3D face recognition. Next, novel countermeasures, which are based on the analysis of different shape, texture and reflectance characteristics of real faces and mask faces, are proposed to detect mask spoofing. In this paper, countermeasures ...

Preprint of Paper to be submitted for publication in Review of Scientific Instruments " This document is intended for publication in the open literature. It is made available on the understanding that it may not be further circulated and extracts or references may not be published prior to publication of the original when applicable, or without the consent of the Publications Officer, ABSTRACT ...

In this paper, we investigate the design of pulse shaping FIR filters for impulse radio ultrawideband (UWB) communications systems. The goal of the shaping is to meet an arbitrary spectrum mask, e.g., the mask mandated by the FCC for UWB emissions. Compared with classical FIR filter designs, the current problem introduces three new challenges: (1) it is minimax with quadratic constraints, (2) a...

The standard coded aperture imaging approach assumes: • sources at infinity; • isolated point sources in specific directions; • masks with flat power spectrum (except for DC); • thin masks free of vignetting; • collimation to block rays from " out of view " directions; • visible sources cast full cycle of mask pattern on detectors; • use of correlation with the mask pattern to generate an image...

Context. We present the results of the first laboratory experiment of checkerboard shaped pupil binary mask coronagraphs using visible light, in the context of the R&D activities for future mid-infrared space missions such as the 3.5 m SPICA telescope. Aims. The primary aim of this work is to demonstrate the coronagraphic performance of checkerboard masks down to a 10 −6 peak-to-peak contrast, ...

treacher collin’s syndrome (tcs) is a rare inherited condition characterized by bilateral and symmetric abnormalities of structures within the first and second bronchial arches. patients with tcs present a serious problem to anesthetists maintaining their airway as upper airway obstruction and difficult tracheal intubation due to severe facial deformity. because of retrognathia, airway manageme...

Aims. We propose the application of multiresolution transforms, such as wavelets (WT) and curvelets (CT), to the reconstruction of images of extended objects that have been acquired with adaptive optics (AO) systems. Such multichannel approaches normally make use of probabilistic tools in order to distinguish significant structures from noise and reconstruction residuals. Therefore, we also tes...

Obstruction of the upper airway is the commonest complication of general anaesthesia and is potentially life threatening. The first skill that all anaesthetists must therefore acquire is how to keep the airway patent. A further complication of anaesthesia is the loss of upper airway reflexes, which may result in the accidental aspiration of gastric contents into the tracheobronchial tree with t...

The current technology used in IC (Integrated Circuit) and LSI (Large Scale Integration) fabrication is based on optical lithography or the art of photocopying. The light wave length sets an ultimate and absolute limit on the resolution of the optical method at about one micron (JLm=10-6 meter) and the current LSI technology has almost reached this limit. In microscopy, a drastic improvement of...

A univariate compactly supported reenable function can always be factored into B k f, with B k the B-spline of order k, f a compactly supported distribution, and k the approximation orders provided by the underlying shift-invariant space S(). Factorizations of univariate reenable vectors were also studied and utilized in the literature. One of the by-products of this article is a rigorous analy...