abstract: an efficient supply chain system operates under a strategy to minimize costs by integrating the different functions inside the system and by meeting customer demands in time. in this paper, an integrated supply-production and distribution planning (spdp) is considered despite the fact that in most of the papers, part of the supply chain has been studied, not all parts. therefore, we d...

The aim of this article is to analyze the potential for synergies between climate policies and development in a case study on India focusing on the power sector suboptimalities. To do so, we use IMACLIM-R, a dynamic recursive energy-economy model that represents a second best world with market imperfections and short-run adjustments constraints along a long-term growth path. The analysis sugges...

production subsidies, as a part of the strategy of economic growth of the agricultural sector, are of great importance around the world. subsidizing production inputs, particularly energy input, is another way of directing subsidy to the agricultural sector. in this research, production function of the agricultural sector was estimated using econometric methods and time series data. after calcu...

I estimate the cost of meeting the EU 2030 targets for greenhouse gas emission reduction, using statistical emulators of ten alternative models. Assuming a first-best policy implementation, I find that total and marginal costs are modest. The statistical emulators allow me to compute the risk premiums, which are small, because the EU is rich and the policy impact is small. The ensemble of ten m...

I estimate the cost of meeting the EU 2030 targets for greenhouse gas emission reduction, using statistical emulators of ten alternative models. Assuming a first-best policy implementation, I find that total and marginal costs are modest. The statistical emulators allow me to compute the risk premiums, which are small because the EU is rich and the policy impact is small. The ensemble of ten mo...

Age replacement policy is concerned with finding an optional time tominimize the cost, at which time the unit is replaced even if itdoes not fail. So far, age replacement policy involving random agehas been proposed. This paper will assume the age of the unit is anuncertain variable, and find the optimal time to replace the unit.

We consider a firm that periodically procures raw material units, stores them, and processes them into finished products upon order arrivals. The raw material cost evolves in a Markovian fashion, whereas the demand process is influenced by both the raw material cost and sales prices charged by the firm. The firm controls both the raw material procurement activity and sales price in each period....

Background: Laminar flow ventilation systems were developed to reduce surgical contamination in joint arthroplastyto avoid periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). The goals of this study are to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and economicviability of installing and maintaining a laminar flow system in an operating room.Methods: A Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate the c...

this policy brief discusses preventive care benefits and cost-sharing included in health insurance provisions of the affordable care act (aca) legislation and highlights some consequences to americans and the country in terms of healthcare costs and value.