background: salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) the cause of the acute febrile disease typhoid fever is the major public health problem in developing countries. asymptomatic carriers are the main sources of typhoid. the aim of this study was to investigate methods for isolation and identification of s. typhi in asymptomatic carriers. materials and methods: two hundred stool samples wer...

introduction: gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) is defined as abnormal glucose tolerance that is first identified or diagnosedduring pregnancy.deiodinase d2 is essential for the local production of t3 through deiodination of triiodothyroxine (t4). several polymorphisms in d2 have been described. the single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) in d2 thr92ala is associated with decreased enzyme activi...

background: heterogeneous mutations in the human coagulation factor ix gene lead to an x-linked recessive bleeding disorder known as hemophilia b. the disease is distributed worldwide with no ethnic or geographical priority. materials and methods: the aim of this study was to characterize the factor ix gene mutations in 28 unrelated iranian hemophilia b patients. polymerase chain reaction (pcr)...

background: mutations of gjb2 gene encoding connexion 26 are the most common cause of hearing loss in many popula­tions. a very wide spectrum of gjb2 gene mutations associated with hearing loss have been detected but pathogenic role has been tested only for a part of them. in this study, we have provided genetic evidence on the pathogenicity of our previ­ously reported novel gjb2 allelic varian...

background: mutations in β -globin gene may result in β-thalassemia major, which is one of the most common genetic dis­or­ders in iran and some other countries. knowing the beta-globin mutation spectrum improves the efficiency of prenatal diagno­sis in the affected fetuses (major β-thalassemia) of heterozygote couples. methods: couples with high hemoglobin a 2 and low mean corpuscular volume we...

background: non- tuberculous mycobacteria are environmental opportunistic pathogens that can be found in various terrestrial and aquatic habitats. there are an epidemiological links between species isolated in tap water and those isolated from patients. hsp65 gene has more variability in its sequences, compared to the some more conserved genes in ntm, for identification of mycobacteria to speci...

background: linum album, a herbaceous and medicinal plant, has been shown to accumulate anti-tumor podophyllotoxin (ptox) and related lignans. objective: in this study, we have verified the time-course of cell growth, lignan production in cells treated with chitosan and chitin oligomers. to study mechanism of chitosan and chitin oligomers action, expression of phenylalanine ammonio-lyase (pal),...

severe  congenital  neutropenia  (scn)  is  a  rare  primary  immunodeficiency   disease. different genes are found to be associated with scn, including ela2, hax1, was, gfi1, g-csfr  and  g6pc3.  the  aim  of  this  study  was  to  find  different  gene  mutations responsible for scn in iranian patients. twenty-seven   patients   with   scn  referred   to  immunology,   asthma   and  allergy r...

blast (magnaporthe grisea) is the most important disease of rice in mazandaran province, north of iran, which causes severe damages annually on susceptible cultivars. tarom mahalli is a local aromatic cultivar with high cooking quality and marketability, but very susceptible to blast. to protect this cultivar and similar susceptible cultivars against rice blast, farmers have to use high amounts...

background: toxoplasmosis is a worldwide-distributed infection which is mostly asymptomatic but can cause serious health problems in congenitally-infected newborns and immunecompromised individuals. research is undergoing both to improve toxoplasma serological tests, which play the main role in laboratory diagnosis of the infection, and develop an effective vaccine to prevent the infection. som...