This paper mainly attempts to disclose the action mechanism of corporate digital transformation on total factor productivity (TFP). Based data listed enterprises in 2007–2019, influence TFP was analyzed empirically. The results show that can significantly promote TFP. Heterogeneity analysis reveals promoting effect only exists small and medium high-tech enterprises, suggesting transform enhance...

We review physically-motivated studies of bacterial near-surface motility driven by flagella and type IV pili (TfP) in the context of biofilm formation. We describe the motility mechanisms that individual bacteria deploying flagella and TfP use to move on and near surfaces, and discuss how the interactions of motility appendages with fluid and surfaces promote motility, attachment and dispersal...

Type IV pili (Tfp), which are key virulence factors in many bacterial pathogens, define a large group of multipurpose filamentous nanomachines widespread in Bacteria and Archaea. Tfp biogenesis is a complex multistep process, which relies on macromolecular assemblies composed of 15 conserved proteins in model gram-negative species. To improve our limited understanding of the molecular mechanism...

Using a large firm-level dataset, this paper examines total factor productivity (TFP) and its determinants in China. Our preferred GMM estimation results indicate increasing returns to scale in most industries and a usually large positive trend representing technical change. Various firm characteristics such as age, ownership, political affiliation, export behavior, liquidity, and geographic lo...

We construct a variant of the neoclassical model with endogenous entry and operation decisions by …rms. The model is calibrated to match key features of the distribution of …rms, by age and by size, for the U.S. A higher entry cost leads to a higher degree of misallocation of productive factors across …rms, lower TFP, and lower output. In the data entry costs average 58 percent of per capita GD...

Why doesn’t capital flow into fast-growing countries? This paper provides a model incorporating heterogeneous producers and underdeveloped domestic financial markets to study the joint dynamics of total factor productivity (TFP) and capital flows. When a large-scale reform eliminates idiosyncratic distortions and liberalizes capital flows, the TFP of our model economy rises gradually and capita...

The gap between marginal revenues and marginal costs of inputs (i.e., distortions or wedges) at establishments potentially lower aggregate total factor productivity (TFP) by preventing efficient allocation of resources among incumbents, deterring entry and exit, and affecting technology choices. We investigate the impacts of distortions on aggregate TFP, entry and exit, and establishment-level ...

Pathogenic Neisseria express type IV pili (tfp), which have been shown to play a central role in the interactions of bacteria with their environment. The regulation of piliation thus constitutes a central element in bacterial life cycle. The PilC proteins are outer membrane-associated proteins that have a key role in tfp biogenesis since PilC-null mutants appear defective for fibre expression. ...

Interactions between commensal pathogens and hosts are critical for disease development but the underlying mechanisms for switching between the commensal and virulent states are unknown. We show that the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis, the leading cause of pyogenic meningitis, can modulate gene expression via uptake of host pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to increased virulence. This ...