The aim of the study was the microscopic evaluation of the human spermatic cord vessels, with special attention to the connection between the testicular artery and the veins of the pampiniform plexus. We used the corrosive cast method to visualise the angioarchitecture of the spermatic cord. Casts were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. We observed that there is a narrow space (pre...

This review will focus the roles of TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, and IL-1 beta in the mammalian testis and in two testicular pathologies, testicular torsion and orchitis. TNF alpha in the testis is produced by round spermatids, pachytene spermatocytes, and testicular macrophages. The type 1 TNF receptor has been found on Sertoli and Leydig cells and numerous studies suggest a paracrine mode of action...

Bilateral testicular tumours are rare, and 80% of bilateral tumours are metachronous. The incidence of testicular tumours is high in cryptorchidism. Synchronous bilateral testicular tumours are rare, and bilateral synchronous testicular tumours in bilateral cryptorchidism extremely rare, probably not reported previously.

Leiomyoma of the bilateral testicular tunica albuginea is extremely rare. To our knowledge, there are only 3 definitely reported cases. This is the first report of bilateral testicular tunica albuginea leiomyomas as a potential cause of male infertility. Herein, we report a case of a 47-year-old man who presented with painless bilateral testicular masses for more than 30 years, besides he also ...

Maintenance of testicular temperature below body temperature is essential for the process of spermatogenesis. This process of thermoregulation is mainly achieved by testicular veins through pampiniform venous plexus of the testis by absorbing the heat conveyed by the testicular arteries. However, this mechanism of thermoregulation may be hampered if an abnormal communication exists between the ...

Testicular cancer represents approximately 1% of all cancers diagnosed in males. The prevalence of bilateral testicular germ cell tumor cases varies from 1% to 5%. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) is a precursor for almost all testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) and is one of the highest risks of developing contralateral testicular cancer. The radical orchiectomy is still preferred for t...

background: breast and testicular cancers affect a substantial and increasing proportion of the global population. self-examination encourages early detection and treatment of these cancers, which positively impacts on patient quality of life and survival. methods: the present study investigated the role of body esteem in breast and testicular self-examination. men ( n = 60) and women ( n = 90)...

Sonography, a non-invasive, quick method without biological impact on the gonad, has greatly improved the diagnostic possibilities; it is the gold standard for the male genital system (gonads and genito-urinary tract) and in fact has oriented the prevention interventions [1]. It recognizes almost 100% of scrotal lesions and their solid, liquid or complex nature. It has allowed to overcome the l...

ninety red sokoto bucks were used to assess the relationship between body, testicular and epididymal measurements in three age groups (group 1: 7-12 months; group 2: between 1 and 2 years and group 3: older than 2 years). the effect of age on body and testicular / epididymal measurements was analyzed. a predictive model was developed for each of the testicular / epididymal measurements using li...