the agriculture of iran in addition to supplying domestic needs through agricultural exports in foreign trade contributed and exports products are more stable than other sectors. so, developing and expanding of exports can be a ground for iran in global markets. thus, the role of supportive policies in developing export to identify parameters affecting and suppling of agricultural exports of ir...

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expresse...

Under the national policy goal of increasing labor income and employment rate, service industry is expected to be a powerful engine for stimulating economic growth, optimizing industrial structure absorbing employment, while foreign direct investment playing an important role in promoting upgrading improving efficiency. This article first analyzes trade effects multinational companies based on ...

The theoretical literature on FDI and knowledge spillovers has predominantly focused on the firms ’ choice between greenfield investment and exports. This is somewhat surprising since almost 80% of all FDI relates to M&As. The few studies that investigate the choice between greenfield investment and M&A with knowledge spillovers almost exclusively focus on North-South issues where knowledge onl...

The importance of drug as a valuable export product in the global economy becomes more clear every day. Understanding the problems of exports and factors affecting it, can be an important step to keep Iran’s position in the world markets and further export development of this product.In this study, Iranian pharmaceutical exports’ supply and demand functions were calculated using co-integration ...

It is often observed that in order to serve the domestic market, foreign firms not only export but also control domestic firms through foreign direct investment (FDI). This paper examines the effects of tariffs, production subsidies, and foreign ownership regulation on prices, outputs, profits, and welfare when both exports and FDI coexist. Cross-border ownership on the basis of both financial ...