The aim was to quantify tau protein and â-amyloid (Aâ42) in the CSF of patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and controls. Double sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used for measurments. Tau was increased 58-fold in CJD and 3.5-fold in AD compared with controls, whereas Aâ42 was decreased 0.5-fold in both CJD and AD. A cut oV le...

The aim was to quantify tau protein and beta-amyloid (Abeta42) in the CSF of patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and controls. Double sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used for measurements. Tau was increased 58-fold in CJD and 3.5-fold in AD compared with controls, whereas Abeta42 was decreased 0.5-fold in both CJD and AD. A...

The identification of mutations in the Tau gene in frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17) has made it possible to express human tau protein with pathogenic mutations in transgenic animals. Here we report on the production and characterization of a line of mice transgenic for the 383 aa isoform of human tau with the P301S mutation. At 5-6 months of age, homozy...

The microtubule-associated protein (MAP) tau plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of tauopathies. Excess tau can be released into the extracellular medium in a physiological or pathological manner to be internalized by surrounding neurons-a process that contributes to the spread of this protein throughout the brain. Such spreading may correlate with the progression of the abovementioned di...

Mutations in microtubule-associated protein tau recently have been identified in familial cases of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We report the frequency of tau mutations in a large population-based study of FTD carried out in the Netherlands from January 1994 to June 1998. Thirty-seven patients had >/=1 first-degree relative with dementia. A mutation in the tau gene was found in 17.8% of the g...

BACKGROUND Tau protein is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as tauopathies including Alzheimer disease, and Tau fibrillization is thought to be related to neuronal toxicity. Physiological inhibitors of Tau fibrillization hold promise for developing new strategies for treatment of Alzheimer disease. Because protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is both an enzyme and ...

Background. The differentiation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from vascular dementia (VaD) is hampered by clinical diagnostic criteria with disappointing sensitivity and specificity. The objective of this study was to investigate whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of total tau protein (t-tau), amyloid b42 protein (Ab42), and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181) are useful biomarke...

Progressive neurodegenerative diseases plague millions of individuals both in the United States and across the world. The current pathology of progressive neurodegenerative tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Pick's disease, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and progressive supranuclear palsy, primarily revolves around phosphorylation and hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein. However...

A pathological pathway leading from soluble, monomeric to insoluble, filamentous Tau, is believed to underlie human Tauopathies. Cases of frontotemporal dementia are caused by dominantly inherited mutations in MAPT, the Tau gene. They show that dysfunction of Tau protein is sufficient to cause neurodegeneration and dementia. Extrapolation to the more common sporadic Tauopathies leads one to con...

Relative to a hereditary torsion theory $tau$ we introduce a dimension for a module $M$, called {em $tau$-rank of} $M$, which coincides with the reduced rank of $M$ whenever $tau$ is the Goldie torsion theory. It is shown that the $tau$-rank of $M$ is measured by the length of certain decompositions of the $tau$-injective hull of $M$. Moreover, some relations between the $tau$-rank of $M$ and c...