The immunocompetent cells that can recognize foreign structures by their own actively synthesized antigen-binding receptors are the lymphocytes (1). Two major groups of lymphocytes exist, with separate functions andwithout ability to transform into each other (2, 3) . One group is called T lymphocytes, due to their dependence on the presence of the thymus for development (2). The second group o...

The immunocompetent cells that can recognize foreign structures by their own actively synthesized antigen-binding receptors are the lymphocytes (1). Two major groups of lymphocytes exist, with separate functions andwithout ability to transform into each other (2, 3) . One group is called T lymphocytes, due to their dependence on the presence of the thymus for development (2). The second group o...

My paper has two parts. First, I talk about the golden rule. After introducing the rule and its global importance, I explain why many scholars dismiss it as a vague proverb that leads to absurdities when we try to formulate it clearly. I defend the golden rule against such objections. Second, I talk about the golden rule in Persia and Islam; I consider Persian sources (Muslim and non-Muslim) an...