Increasing attention is being paid to the energy efficiency in metro systems to reduce the operational cost and to advocate the sustainability of railway systems. Classical research has studied the energy-efficient operational strategy and the energy-efficient system design separately to reduce the traction energy consumption. This paper aims to combine the operational strategies and the system...

The automatic layout of metro maps has been investigated quite intensely over the last few years. Previous work has focused on the octilinear drawing style where edges are drawn horizontally, vertically, or diagonally at 45◦. Inspired by manually created curvy metro maps, we advocate the use of the curvilinear drawing style; we draw edges as Bézier curves. Since we forbid metro lines to bend (e...

Auto-discovery capabilities of management systems typically pertain to network elements as a whole, i.e., the ability to automatically detect which network elements are connected to a network and to discover their type and physical and logical configuration. Serviceand network-layer information, on the other hand, is in general not discovered but provisioned and provided by the organization ope...

nowadays, using public transportation vehicles like metro in large cities are of significance, and exposure to whole-body vibration for the metro passengers is one of the physical contaminations. this paper is conducted with the aim of evaluating the passengers’ convenience and health both in sitting and standing conditions. the present study was done on the passengers of lines 1, 2, and 4 of t...

We investigate the new problem of automatic metro map layout. In general, a metro map consists of a set of lines which have intersections or overlaps. We define a set of aesthetic criteria for good metro map layouts and present a method to produce such layouts automatically. Our method uses a variation of the spring algorithm with a suitable preprocessing step. The experimental results with rea...