language teacher assessment, like many aspects of second language teacher education, is changing. to understand factors that are driving the change, such as work of teaching generally, language teaching in particular, and the role of teachers’ knowledge in teaching, this study examined language teacher assessment schemes across the globe. the aim was to arrive at a set of shared beliefs, attitu...

BACKGROUND Melancholia is a kind of depression with the most common symptoms of evident mental disorder, slimness, lack of enjoyment, feeling guilty and having no appetite. In modern medicine, the word "melancholia" only refers to mental and affective symptoms of depression. However, historically, it could have physical symptoms as well as mental symptoms and the atrabilious situations were cat...

Plasters are produced from a light refractory material, mainly MgO (M.P. 2800ºC), a binder, and a void forming substance for insulating purposes. Different oxides from the slag penetrate into these voi...

since motion verbs of russian language is one of those complex issues in russian language syntax, iranian students who are learning russian language face problems when learning this grammatical category. these problems in learning appear in two stages. a)the stage of learning and understanding the meaning of these verbs in the russian language itself; b) the stage of transition of these verbs f...

To  communicate  effectively,  learners  have  to  become  proficient  in  both  the  language  and  the culture of the target language.  Being aware of socio-cultural frameworks does not mean that as an outcome of instruction learners have to become "native-like," but an awareness of L2 cultural norms can allow learners to make their own informed choices of how to become competent and astute l...