The gauged sigma-model argument that string backgrounds related by T-dual give equivalent quantum theories is revisited, taking careful account of global considerations. The topological obstructions to gauging sigma-models give rise to obstructions to Tduality, but these are milder than those for gauging: it is possible to T-dualise a large class of sigma-models that cannot be gauged. For backg...

The standard model for the Semi Definite Programming (SDP) is min c T x s.t. F (x) = F 0 + m i=1 x i F i 0, where each of the F i 's are symmetric matrices. We define the Lagrangian: L(x, Z) = c T x − Tr(ZF (x)), where the dual variable Z is a psd matrix. The Lagrangian is constructed so that max Z0 L(x, Z) = c T x if F (x) 0, +∞ otherwise. Thus, we can express p * as the solution to an unconst...

The alloreactive human T cell clone MBM15 was found to exhibit dual specificity recognizing both an antigen in the context of the HLA class I A2 molecule and an antigen in the context of the HLA class II DR1. We demonstrated that the dual reactivity that was mediated via a single clonal T cell population depended on specific peptide binding. For complete recognition of the HLA-A2-restricted spe...

In this paper we express the velocity dependent, spin dependent heavy quark potential V q ¯ q in QCD in terms of a Wilson Loop W (Γ) determined by pure Yang Mills theory. We use an effective dual theory of long-distance Yang Mills theory to calculate W (Γ) for large loops; i.e. for loops of size R > R F T. (R F T is the flux tube radius, fixed by the value of the Higgs (monopole) mass of the du...

BACKGROUND Previous health economic studies recommend either a dual screening strategy [tuberculin skin test (TST) followed by interferon-gamma-release assay (IGRA)] or a single one [IGRA only] for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), the former largely based on claims that it is more cost-effective. We sought to examine that conclusion through the use of a model that accounts for the addition...

This paper presents a modified nine switch inverter with two inputs and two Z-source networks. This inverter has two DC inputs and two AC outputs. Input DC voltages can be boosted to the required level. Amplitude, frequency and phase of AC output voltages can be controlled, independently. The proposed converter can be used in applications with two unregulated DC sources, which require feeding ...

Many HIV-1 isolates at the late stage of disease are capable of using both CXCR4 and CCR5 in transfected cell lines, and are thus termed dual-tropic. Here we asked whether these dual-tropic variants also use both coreceptors for productive infection in a natural human lymphoid tissue microenvironment, and whether use of a particular coreceptor is associated with viral cytopathicity. We used 3 c...

A geodesic lamination L on a closed hyperbolic surface S, when provided with a transverse measure μ, gives rise to a “dual R-tree” Tμ, together with an action of G = π1S on Tμ by isometries. A point of Tμ corresponds precisely to a leaf of the lift L̃ of L to the universal covering S̃ of S, or to a complementary component of L̃ in S̃. The G-action on T is induced by the G-action on S̃ as deck transf...

let $a_1$, $a_2$ be unital banach algebras and $x$ be an $a_1$-$a_2$- module. applying the concept of module maps, (inner) modulegeneralized derivations and  generalized first cohomology groups, wepresent several results concerning the relations between modulegeneralized derivations from $a_i$ into the dual space $a^*_i$ (for$i=1,2$) and such derivations  from  the triangular banach algebraof t...

Here, we report a rare case of double-hit lymphoma, demonstrating t(6;14;18)(p25;q32;q21), suggesting two independent dual-translocations, c-MYC/BCL-2 and IRF4/BCL-2. The present case had a rare abnormal chromosome, t(6;14;18)(p25;q32;q21), independently, in addition to known dual-hit chromosomal abnormalities, t(14;18)(q32;q21) and t(8;22)(q24;q11.2). Lymph node was characterized by a follicul...