The growth of a diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) cluster with mass M and radius of gyration R is described by a set of growth probabilities {pi}, where pi is the probability that the perimeter site i will be the next to grow. We introduce the joint distribution N(α, x,M), where N(α, x,M)dαdx is the number of perimeter sites with α-values in the range α ≤ αi ≤ α + dα (“αsites”) and located in...

Heavy machinery is critical to agriculture, construction, mining, and other sectors of a country’s economy. However, such vehicles consume high amount fuel, increasing production costs the emission polluting gases into atmosphere. One alternatives reduce fuel consumption electrification these vehicles, but definition an optimal topology for heavy still under study, works with electric drive sys...