Abstract Group velocity superluminal phenomenon, also known as negative group delay or refers to a of envelope signal at the output end medium before input, in time axis, is leave appears entering medium, but this does not violate causality. Based on waveguide theory delay, paper uses transfer function, amplitude response and phase shift electronic circuit control velocity, introduces three fir...

-In this proposed method we are test the one combinational circuit. Here this combinational circuit having 36-bit input and 7-bit output. ISCAS-85 C432 27-channel interrupt controller is a combinational benchmark circuit. This paper described an on-chip test generation method for functional broadside tests. The hardware was based on the application of primary input sequences initial from a know...