On electropolished steel at low current densities, morphology and texture of electrodeposited zinc were investigated. Zinc coating is consisted of hexagonal crystallites laid on each other to produce packets. These packets are of different sizes and are stacked in different orientations to construct a homogeneous coating on steel substrate. This coating does not have texture, i.e., it has a ran...

A nonlinear stochastic growth equation for the spatiotemporal evolution of the surface morphology of amorphous thin films in the presence of potential density variations is derived from the relevant physical symmetries and compared to recent experimental results. Numerical simulations of the growth equation exhibit a saturation of the surface morphology for large film thickness originating from...

introduction: periodontal diseases are considered as some of the most common reasons of teeth loss, which occur due to the aggregation of microbial plaque and other precipitations on the dental surfaces . in this study, the scaling effect using manual tools, ultrasonic machine and erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (er:yag)laser on the connection of the human gums connective tissue cells on t...

We delineate a general theoretical framework to determine the substrate-regulated graphene morphology through energy minimization. We then apply such a framework to study the graphene morphology on a substrate with periodic surface grooves. Depending on the substrate surface roughness and the graphene–substrate interfacial bonding energy, the equilibrium morphology of graphene ranges from (1) c...

Epitaxial bicrystals of Cu In,Ga Se2 CIGS have been grown and characterized spanning high angle incoherent grain boundaries. The grain boundaries in the CIGS were generally found to be fully dense, although voids were occasionally observed as is typical in CIGS polycrystals. There was no significant difference in composition of the grains across the boundary. No reduction in dislocation density...