The primary function of the lacrimal system is to produce and drain the tear film from the surface of the eye. The tear film is composed of three integrated layers: the aqueous, mucus, and lipid layers. The aqueous layer is produced by the orbital lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid and secreted onto the ocular surface through ductules that traverse the conjunctiva. The mucus layer is ...

Drainage from mining sites rich in sulfur bearing rocks is known as acid mine drainage (AMD). Acid mine drainage water is a serious environmental pollutant that has its ill effects on plants, animals and microflora of a region. Mine water drainage mainly results due to anthropogenic activities like mining that leave the sulfur bearing rocks exposed. This drainage water poses as a potent soil, s...

Coal mine drainage refers to the acidic drainage caused by surface mining, deep mining or coal refuse piles. Being highly acidic with elevated levels of dissolved metals, it is otherwise known as “Acid Mine Drainage (AMD)”. Formation of AMD is due to a series of geochemical and microbiological processes involving acidophilic chemolithotrophs such as Thiobacillus, Thiomispora, Leptospirillum etc...

The effectiveness of Acid-Base Accounting (ABA) for predicting surface coal mine drainage quality in Pennsylvania was evaluated. Comparisons between ABA and mine drainage alkalinity, acidity, and sulfate were made for 38 mines in the bituminous coalfield. Neutralization Potential (NP), Maximum Potential Acidity (MPA), and Net Neutralization Potential (NNP) were evaluated with and without "thres...

The paper presents a simplified model called PESTDRAIN. It simulates pesticide transport in a subsurface tile-drained field. It computes surface runoff and tile-drainage flow rates, along with the associated pesticide concentrations, with a variable event-driven time step. PESTDRAIN consists of three coupled modules: SIDRA, SIRUP and SILASOL. SIDRA and SIRUP are the water flow simulation module...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to critically compare the various glaucoma drainage implants in popular use. RECENT FINDINGS Glaucoma drainage implants are being increasingly utilized in the surgical management of glaucoma. Comparisons between the various drainage implants are difficult because most clinical data are derived from retrospective studies with different study popu...

Quite simple and easy-to-use analytical dependencies for calculation of the main hydraulic structural characteristics distribution drainage pipelines, laid with a certain slope, are presented. They proposed on basis analysis differential equations system, which consists variable mass hydraulics equation modified filtration equation, describes fluid motion in such pipelines. The solutions origin...

Large freshwater lakes formed in North America and Europe during deglaciation following the Last Glacial Maximum. Rapid drainage of these lakes into the Oceans resulted in abrupt perturbations in climate, including the Younger Dryas and 8.2 kyr cooling events. In the mid-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere major glacial lakes also formed and drained during deglaciation but little is known abou...