Dentifrice abrasiveness and brushing time may increase color change (∆E) and surface roughness (∆Ra) of resin composites. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mechanical brushing time of dentifrices with different abrasiveness on ∆E and ∆Ra of nanofilled (Z350, 3M ESPE) and nanohybrid (Tetric N-Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent) resin composites. Sixteen specimens (12 mm diameter x 2 mm thick) were...

The chemical and physical properties of objects provide them with specific surface patterns of color and texture. Endogenous and exogenous forces alter these colors and patterns over time. The ability to identify these changes can have great utility in judging the state and history of objects. To evaluate the role of color cues in this process, we used images of 26 materials undergoing real cha...

As we parse the retinal image into different objects, a number of visual properties are used to distinguish figure from ground and one object from neighboring objects. These properties include luminance, color, relative motion, and stereo disparity. Within a single surface there can be variation in surface reflectance, color, or three-dimensional orientation (surface roughness). These variation...

The present paper deals with eight sex-linked mutant characters that have arisen in my cultures of Drosophila virilis Sturtevant.l The eight characters are as follows: Yellow, body color. Magenta, eye color. Glazed, eye surface (figure 5). Forked, bristles on the thorax (figure 2). Vesiculated, wings. Rugose, eye surface (figure 4). Frayed, bands on the abdomen (figures 3 and 6). Hairy, eye sur...

Earlier work showed that maximum entropy models can be used to represent surface reflectance spectra of Munsell patches. Here, we introduce a new approach to color constancy which is based upon that work. To our knowledge, all color constancy approaches employing spectral models use linear basis function representations for surface and illuminant spectra. This means that a set of basis function...

We have investigated the image type full-color computer-generated hologram that has full parallax and can be reconstructed with three color LEDs. The object of the hologram is processed from 3D computer graphics polygon data and has shaded surface with hidden surface removal. The optical reconstructed image from the printed hologram is evaluated. © 2011 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 09...

A theory about how changes in the illuminant affect the color appearance of objects must specify how the visual system's adjustments to illuminant changes vary with the surface collection in a scene. I report an experiment designed to investigate this issue. The stimuli were CRT simulations of flat matte surfaces rendered under diffuse illumination. For all combinations of 7 daylight illuminant...

Background: Tooth bleaching systems can be classified as chemically activated, light-activated and laser-activated depending on activation mechanism. There is no unanimity of opinion with respect to the whitening efficacy and effect on enamel surface texture of these three types of systems. So, the present study was carried out to comparatively evaluate their whitening efficacy and effect on en...

Background: This study sought to assess the effect of glazing and polishing surface treatments on the optical behavior of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics thermocycled in different solutions. Methods:Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing ceramics (VITA Suprinity) were cut into samples (n=104) measuring 1.5x14x10 mm according to t...