In the current world, the debate on the reinstatement and reuse of consumer prod-ucts has become particularly important. Since the supply chain of the closed loop is not only a forward flow but also a reverse one; therefore, companies creating integ-rity between direct and reverse supply chain are successful. The purpose of this study is to develop a new mathematical model for closed loop suppl...

In this paper, we developed a supply chain network game theory model with differentiated products and transportation costs in the case of time-based oligopolistic competition. The firms are profit-maximizers and have, as their strategic variables, the product shipments and the guaranteed delivery times to the consumers at the demand markets with the guaranteed delivery times never exceeding the...

This paper aims to examine integration of supply chain and demand chain in emerging markets. We present a research model of demand and supply chain integration which responds to customer’s needs through the integrated information flows. Integration of demand and supply chain synchronizes the key processes in terms of frontend development, product planning, product design, procurement, manufactu...

This paper presents a multi-periodic, multi-echelon blood supply chain network consisting of blood donors, mobile collection units, local blood centers, main blood centers and demand points in which the local and main blood centers are subject to random failure in dispatching blood products to demand points. The problem has two objectives including minimization of the total chain costs and maxi...

nowadays, transportation sector consumes about 27 percent of the whole energy in iran. therefore, after domestic and business sectors which consume about 40 percent of the whole energy, transportation is placed in the second rank. however, the financial value of transportation is of the highest importance. moreover, having 55percent of gasoline product consumption transportation has been also r...

Many supply chain problems involve optimization of various conflicting objectives. This paper formulates a green supply chain network throughout a two-stage mixed integer linear problem with uncertain demand and stochastic environmental respects level. The first objective function of the proposed model considers minimization of supply chain costs while the second objective function minimizes CO...