It is shown that the size effect recently observed by Espinosa et al., fJ. Mech. Phys. Solids 51, 47 s2003dg in pure tension tests on free thin metallic films can be explained by the existence of a boundary layer of fixed thickness, located at the surface of the film that was attached onto the substrate during deposition. The boundary layer is influenced by the epitaxial effects of crystal grow...

The development of scalable synthesis techniques for optically transparent, electrically conductive coatings is in great demand due to the constantly increasing market price and limited resources of indium for indium tin oxide (ITO) materials currently applied in most of the optoelectronic devices. This work pioneers the scalable synthesis of transparent conductive films (TCFs) by exploiting th...

Polypyrrole (PPy) was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization technique using monomer pyrrole and ammonium persulphate as an oxidant in a ratio of 1:1. Thin films of polypyrrole were prepared by dissolving polypyrrole in m-cresol and cast using spin coating technique on glass substrates. Thin films of polypyrrole were characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microsco...

Polypyrrole (PPy) hybrid films incorporated with porous carbide-derived carbon (CDC) particles are synthesized through a novel one-step electrochemical synthesis process that provides a simple and efficient alternative for current tape-casting and inkjet printing technologies to make conducting polymer-CDC-based electroactive composites. The resulting porous, robust and electrically conductive ...

Electric-field-induced instabilities in thin bilayers composed of either purely viscous or purely elastic films resting on a solid substrate are studied. In contrast to the electric-field-induced instability in a single elastic film, the length scale of the instability for elastic bilayers can be tuned by changing the ratios of the shear moduli, thicknesses, and dielectric permittivities of the...

Engineering domains in ferroelectric thin films is crucial for realizing technological applications including non-volatile data storage and solar energy harvesting. Size and shape of domains strongly depend on the electrical and mechanical boundary conditions. Here we report the origin of nonswitchable polarization under external bias that leads to energetically unfavourable head-to-head domain...

The dynamic properties of inkjet-printed Ag thin films on flexible substrates were measured using flexural wave propagation. The Ag nanoparticle suspension was inkjet-printed on polyimide (PI), silicon wafer, and glass. The effects of flexible substrates on the dynamic properties of the films were investigated. Beam-shaped Ag-printed substrates were fabricated by pico-second laser pulse cutting...

Highly conductive, flexible, and durable silver nanowire (AgNW)-embedded carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) (s-CMC/PEDOT:PSS) composite films were investigated for application in wearable heaters on-skin sensors. The electrical conductivities of the CMC/PEDOT:PSS composites optimized by controlling PEDOT:PSS weight ratio CMC, sheet ...

background many factors effect on management (surgical and nonsurgical) of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (ais). objectives the purpose of this study was evaluation of the effects of generalized ligamentous laxity (gll) on surgical treatment of ais. materials and methods 72 patients with ais were studied between 2002 and 2009. 24 cases (33.4%) were placed in group a (normal) while 48 patients ...

This paper presents a new framework for recovering superquadrics with global deformations from multi-view real range data. The framework aims at improving confidence and accuracy of recovered models by utilizing multiview information, and consists of the initial superquadric model recovery, view registration, view integration, and final model recovery from integrated data. A quadrant analysis t...