The objective of this study was to determine whether bovine embryos become more resistant to deleterious effects of maternal heat stress as early embryonic development progresses. Superovulated, lactating Holstein cows were bred by AI and assigned to be heat stressed on d 1, 3, 5, or 7 of pregnancy (d 0 =day of estrus) or not heat stressed (control). Embryos were retrieved from the uterus on d ...

High summer temperatures in extratropical areas have an impact on the public's health, mainly through heat stress, high air pollution concentrations, and the transmission of tropical diseases. The purpose of this study is to examine the current characteristics of heat events and future projections of summer apparent temperature (AT)-and associated health concerns-throughout the southeastern Uni...

Unravelling the contributions of local anthropogenic and seasonal environmental factors in suppressing the coral immune system is important for prioritizing management actions at reefs exposed to high levels of human activities. Here, we monitor health of the model coral Acropora millepora adjacent to a high-use and an unused reef-based tourist platform, plus a nearby control site without a pla...

According to the Cort-Fitness Hypothesis, higher stress levels (glucocorticoids) in vertebrates are correlated to lower fitness. However, recent studies have failed to validate this hypothesis. A proposed wider framework suggests that reproduction can be perceived as an overload adds up to other environmental challenges that individuals must adjust to. In this case, elevated glucocorticoids cou...

My initial contact with Gavin Wright came when I arrived at Yale University from Pakistan in the early summer of 1971 due to the war between Pakistan and India. At the time, I had been a research fellow at the Institute for Development Economics in Karachi as part of a Yale-Ford Foundation project. Ford made a “safety-first” decision to have all Americans return to their country. Gavin was then...

in friendly remembrance of this fruitful tychastic encounter of the summer of 1969 in Madison, which has contributed to my decision to return to France to found with him CEREMADE (Centre for Research in Mathematics of the Decision) of the University Paris-Dauphine, this contribution which revisits forty years later his pioneering work on impulse management and finance market to which he initiat...

In dairy cows and buffaloes, summer heat stress (HS) reduces milk yield and delays return to pregnancy leading to financial loss. Clues for effective interventions against summer infertility (SI) lie in understanding the underlying mechanisms. This article reviews current knowledge on the mechanisms of bovine SI and their implication for hormonal management. Under HS dairy animals encounter ane...