We report a study of the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) growth of bis[3(triethoxysilane)propyl]tetrasulfide (Tetrasulfide) on low dielectric constant (low-k) aromatic hydrocarbon SiLK whose surface chemistry was modified using sulfuric acid, He plasma treatment, and N2 plasma treatment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra show that there is no detectable growth of Tetrasulfide SAM on...

The surface of SBA-15 was modified by diphenylphosphine; then, it was treated with butane sultone and sulfuric acid to obtain Brønsted acid HO3S-phosphonium based ionic liquid functionalized SBA-15 with HSO4- as a counteranion. It efficiently catalyzed synthesis of pyrano[3,2-c]chromenone derivatives through the reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin and chalcones at...

Formaldehyde in small quantities is commonly analyzed by spectrophotometric methods. One of the most-commonly used spectrophotometric techniques for this purpose is based on the reaction with chromotropic acid. Because of its simplicity, sensitivity, selectivity and its low cost, it is still widely used. Investigations for replacing the concentrated sulfuric acid with other acids or using more ...

The atmosphere is an inhomogeneous system of vapors, and liquid as well as solid particles. The nucleation process is an important source of particles, observed at most sites where particle measurements have been carried out. Sulfuric acid plays an important role in the first steps of particle formation, but a complete picture of process, after several years of research, is still unclear. Compu...

Neat chlorosulfonic acid reacts with anhydrous sodium tungstate to give tungstate sulfuric acid (TSA), a new dibasic inorganic solid acid in which two sulfuric acid molecules connect to a tungstate moiety via a covalent bond. A variety of oximes were oxidized to their parent carbonyl compounds under mild conditions with excellent yields in short times by a heterogeneous wet TSA/KMnO4 in dichlor...

In this paper we develop a policy model for pollution control investment and operational decisions in the copper industry. The system consists of (i) a nonlinear integer model to optimize smelter operations, including the investment decisions relating to smelting capacity and pollution control plants that complies with environmental regulations, and (ii) a network flow model to describe the eco...

The effect of specimen aging on the recovery of mercury from urine samples was investigated. It was found that in some aged specimens the addition of concentrated sulfuric acid to the urine without cooling resulted in a large loss of mercury. This phenomenon is presumed to be due to enhanced volatility of the mercury caused by bacterial action. This loss can be avoided by adding a suitable pres...