Ethanol production from lignocellulosic materials provides an alternative energy production system. Rye and bermudagrass that are used in hog farms for nutrient uptake from swine wastewater have the potential for fuel ethanol production because they have a relative high cellulose and hemicellulose content. Dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment of rye straw and bermudagrass before enzymatic hydrolys...

Oxidation of 3- and 4-pentafluorosulfanyl-substituted anisoles and phenols with hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid provided a mixture of SF5-substituted muconolactone, maleic, and succinic acids. A plausible mechanism for the formation of the aliphatic SF5 compounds was presented and their chemical reactivity was investigated. SF5-substituted para-benzoquinone was synthesized; its oxidation le...

Abstract. Sulfuric acid is a key contributor to new particle formation, though measurements of its gaseous concentrations are difficult make. Several parameterizations estimate sulfuric exist, all which were constructed using from the Northern Hemisphere. In this work, we report first Amazon basin. These consistent with measured in Hyytiälä, Finland, though, unlike there no clear correlation gl...

igh-efficiency entrainment removal devices have successfully met a H combination of challenges posed by the mist generated in the manufacture of sulfuric acid. Tightened regulations, increased sensitivity to the cost of downstream corrosion, and the desire to extend the life of mist eliminators have combined to prompt sulfuric acid manufacturers to seek improved emissions-control performance in...

Aluminum metal is produced by the electrolytic reduction of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), mainly extracted from bauxite ore digested in a hot caustic soda solution. This solution is supersaturated with respect to sodium aluminate and silicate, which react together to form sodalite (3[Na2O⋅Al2O3⋅2SiO2⋅2H2O]⋅Na2CO3) at high temperatures. Heat exchanger tubes are scaled with this compound, which serious...

a practical and green method for the synthesis of 5h-dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-tetraones and spiro[dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-13,3'-indoline]-pentaones by the condensation of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione with aldehydes or isatins, respectively, in the presence of a catalytic amount of cellulose sulfuric acid (csa) under solvent-free conditions at 100 °c is described. the significant features of this pro...

This study was conducted to improve four characteristics as objectives:（1） high current efficiency, （2） surface brightness, and （3） hardness of chromium-carbon （Cr-C） alloy layers during electrochemical deposition from Cr（III） ions, （4） reproducibility the Cr-C layer formation repeated plating with a electroplating bath. A malonic-acid-containing sulfuric acid bath （sulfuric II） prepared by add...