This paper addresses the potential for using economic regulation, e.g. taxes or subsidies, as instruments to combat the increasing problems of inappropriate diets, leading to health problems such as obesity, diabetes 2, cardiovascular diseases etc. in most countries. Such policy measures may be considered as alternatives or supplements to other regulation instruments, including information camp...

This paper reviews international experiences with the implementation of wage subsidies and develops a policy framework to guide their design in developing countries. The evidence suggests that, if the goal is only to create jobs, wage subsidies are unlikely to be an effective instrument. Wage subsidies, however, could have a role in helping first-time job seekers or those who have gone through ...

We study the problem of optimally targeting subsidies when the decisions of individual recipients impose externalities on others. In particular, we develop a structural equilibrium model of post-disaster rebuilding when neighborhoods’ amenity values are directly affected by the rate of rebuilding. We estimate and identify the structural parameters of the model via indirect inference, exploiting...

the implementation of economic projects by targeting the subsidies can have a great effect on the costcompetitiveness of the industries and their products. the global steel industry has been considered as a basickey industry in the industrialized countries. it is also among the industries that may be seriously affected by theenforcement of subsidies. this industry, requiring energy and high-tec...

The effects of government subsidies are examined in a spatial duopoly with a conventional and an electronic retailer. The Nash equilibrium is first determined and then the optimal cost subsidy rates are computed that maximize social welfare. The stability of the equilibrium is also investigated and it is shown that in the case of delayed information there is the possibility of cyclic behavior.

An essential challenge for many developing countries is improvement of water supply system to ensure urban water supply safety and reliability. Penalty, subsidy and water price increase are often considered as the main incentive measures for improving urban water supply system. However, the implementation of these policies is confronting some uncertainties because of the conflicts of involved a...