Molecular mechanisms of radiation dose-rate effects are not well understood. Among many possibilities, long-lasting sustained alterations in protein levels would provide critical information. To evaluate sustained effects after acute and chronic radiation exposure, we analyzed alterations in protein expression in the livers of mice. Acute exposure consisted of a lethal dose of 8 Gy and a sublet...

In this study, the effects of sublethal nitrite and sublethal ammonia on experimentally infected Nile Tilapia’s haematological and immunological parameters have been investigated. The groups were K: control group, Group A: ammonia exposed group, AB: infected with Edwardsiella tarda and exposed to ammonia, Group N: nitrite exposed group, NB: infected with E. tarda and exposed to nitrite, B: infe...

The acute toxicity of fipronil and its sublethal effects on detoxification enzymes (carboxylesterases (CarEs), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase (ECOD)) in zebrafish (Danio rerio) were investigated. The results indicated that the 24-h LC50 of fipronil for zebrafish was 220.4 μg/L (95% CI: 173.7-272.4 μg/L). Sublethal concentrations of fipronil did not cause si...

1 Pollinating insects provide crucial and economically important ecosystem services to crops and wild plants, but pollinators, particularly bees, are globally declining as a result of various driving factors, including the prevalent use of pesticides for crop protection. Sublethal pesticide exposure negatively impacts numerous pollinator lifehistory traits, but its influence on reproductive suc...

Invasive species can impose novel selection pressures on natives, such as toxins to which native taxa are not adapted. Native species may survive such invasions by evolving mechanisms to avoid toxin exposure or increase toxin tolerance. Red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) employ an alkaloid-based venom to defend their colonies and capture prey. In this study we aim to characterize the s...

Only a small percentage of insect species are pests. However, pest species cause significant losses in agricultural and forest crops, and many are vectors of diseases. Currently, many scientists are focused on developing new tools to control insect populations, including secondary plant metabolites, e.g., alkaloids, glycoalkaloids, terpenoids, organic acids and alcohols, which show promise for ...

The responses of unfed plateau-phase cultures of two clonal subpopulations of cells (clones A and D) from a human colon adenocarcinoma (DLD-1) to X-irradiation were examined in detail either as control cultures or after growth in medium containing the differentiating agent N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 0.8%, three passages). Specifically, the cultures were studied with regard to their ability to ...

Sublethal exposure to pesticides can alter insect behavior with potential for population-level consequences. We investigated sublethal effects of ActiveGuard, a permethrin-impregnated fabric, on feeding behavior and fecundity of bed bugs (Cimex lectularius L.) from five populations that ranged from susceptible to highly pyrethroid resistant. After exposure to ActiveGuard fabric or untreated fab...

The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a major pest of cruciferous vegetables worldwide. Cantharidin, a natural toxin isolated from blister beetles, has been reported to be toxic to P. xylostella. However, little is known on the chronic sublethal effects of cantharidin on this species. In this study, we assessed the changes of susceptibility, develop...

BACKGROUND Substantial honey bee colony losses have occurred periodically in the last decades. The drivers for these losses are not fully understood. The influence of pests and pathogens are beyond dispute, but in addition, chronic exposure to sublethal concentrations of pesticides has been suggested to affect the performance of honey bee colonies. This study aims to elucidate the potential eff...