OBJECTIVES : The pathophysiology of the testicular damage in varicocele have not been completely understood. There are several studies concerning the effects of increased seminal reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the role of nitric oxide (NO) in infertile patients with varicocele and antioxidants have been used successfully to decrease oxidative stress in testis. In this study, we determined th...

5'-Nucleotidase is involved in sperm capacitation via the cAMP-adenosine pathway and in sperm motility via direct adenosine production from AMP. Since these functions are reduced in varicocele, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the enzyme levels were altered in sperm from varicocele patients. The mean (SD) international units (IU) of 5'-nucleotidase activity in seminal plasma fro...

Objective(s): Several researchers have reported the relationship between infertility in male and varicocele for so many years but the implication of varicocele in female patients is remains elusive. Here, we aim to examine the effects of unilateral varicose ovarian vein on antioxidant capacity and oocyte quality of rat ovary after the experimental creation of varicocele in female rats. Material...

Varicocele is characterized by abnormal tortuosity and dilation of the veins of the pampiniform plexus within the spermatic cord. Although several reports show the mechanisms by which the varicocele exerts its infertility impact, the exact pathophysiology for varicocele-induced inflammation and its relationship with testicular endocrine disruption remain largely unknown. This review article wil...

PURPOSE We evaluated the impact of varicocelectomy on intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes in infertile men with clinical varicocele. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 242 infertile men with a history of clinical varicocele who underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Of the men 80 underwent prior subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy (treated group 1) and 162 had any grade of clin...

BACKGROUND Patients with varicocele comprise 15% of males in general population. Varicocele is considered the most cost-effectively treatable cause of male infertility. We introduce a modification in technique of subinguinal varicocelectomy and review the outcome of 58 patients from July 2000 to July 2002. METHODS Four out of the 58 cases had both pain and infertility. For the 31 infertility ...

OBJECTIVES Varicocele in adolescent men is one of the most challenging topics in pediatric urology. What should be considered as a good indication for treatment and at what age? Does treatment improve fertility? Can we wait? What is the best surgical and minimal invasive treatment? To answer these questions we provide a guideline to use in daily practice. METHODS We performed a search of th...

The presence of a varicocele has been associated with decrease in testicular volume both in adult and pediatric patients. However, a study on the effect of varicocelectomy on testicular volume in the adult varicocele patient has never been reported. We determined the testicular volume before and after varicocelectomy in 52 patients with varicocele. A significant increase in testicular volume wi...

Varicocele is mostly asymptomatic, rarely causing pain at this age. The guidelines for managing varicocele in adolescent are not fully elicited, but the major surgical indications are testicular loss of volume followed by testicular pain. Young adult males with varicoceles, who have normal semen parameters, may be at risk for progressive testicular dysfunction and should be offered monitoring w...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy on semen parameters in azoospermic men with clinical varicocele and to determine the predictive parameters of postoperative improvement. METHODS Twenty-three men with non-obstructive complete azoospermia and varicocele underwent subinguinal open microsurgical varicocele repair. The outco...