Thyroid disease can roughly be divided into functional and anatomical disorders. Subclinical disease is by definition not accompanied by symptoms or signs and usually goes unrecognized for the bearer (and the observer). In this communication an overview will be given of existing literature and some own results concerning subclinical hypothyroidism, subclinical thyrotoxicosis and thyroid inciden...

CONTEXT Knowledge on the relationship between the autonomic nervous system and subclinical hyperthyroidism is mainly based upon cross-sectional studies in heterogeneous patient populations, and the effect of restoration to euthyroidism in subclinical hyperthyroidism has not been studied. OBJECTIVE We investigated the long-term effects of exogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism on the autonomic ...

UNLABELLED Chronic cocaine use may lead to premature atherosclerosis, but the prevalence of and risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in asymptomatic cocaine users have not been reported. The objective of this study was to examine whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with the development of CAD in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected African American cocaine users with low...

Background: it is well known that the varicocele affects male fertility and had adverse effects on the findings of the standard seminal analysis. According to size of that veins; the varicoceles are divided into clinical that are discovered in physical examination and their harmful effects are proved and subclinical varicoceles that are only discovered by Doppler examination. And till now, the ...

The purpose of this paper is to report a series of macular holes that developed after demarcation laser photocoagulation for subclinical retinal detachments. This observational case series consists of three eyes from three patients seen between 2005 and 2012. Delayed idiopathic macular hole formation occurred following demarcation laser photocoagulation for subclinical retinal detachment. Demar...

Undetected subclinical keratoconus (KC) is the main risk factor for iatrogenic ectasia. Many parameters have been proposed to help differentiate normal from subclinical KC corneas. Linear discriminant analysis is a technique that models the difference between different classes of data by looking for linear combinations of variables which best explain the data. The association of surfaces elevat...

This report describes the epizootiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of an outbreak of leptospirosis caused by Leptospira canicola in feedlot calves. The infection appeared to be of high morbidity with a cumulative clinical incidence of 15.6%, cumulative subclinical incidence of 39% and high mortality (8.3%). Clinical disease was diagnosed in 4-8-month-old calves, while subcl...