Probiotics are vital bacteria that colonize the intestine and modify its microflora with benefits for the host. Very few members of the Bacillus group are recognized as safe for use and hence only a few strains are available as commercial preparations for application in humans and animals. Acute and subacute studies in rats were conducted to establish safety of Bacillus clausii (B. clausii) UBB...

The present work was undertaken to evaluate antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Dissotis multiflora (Sm) Triana (D. multiflora) on Shigella flexneri-induced diarrhea in Wistar rats and its subacute toxicity. Diarrhea was induced by oral administration of 1.2 × 109 cells/mL S. flexneri to rats. Antidiarrheal activity was investigated in rats with the doses of 111.42 mg/kg, 222.84...

Vitamin K occurs widely in foods and has been shown to have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system, as well as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antiosteoporosis properties. A previous study indicates that long-chain menaquinone-7 may be more bioavailable than vitamin K and short-chain menaquinones. In the present study, acute, subacute toxicity and genotoxicity assays were carried o...

A microemulsion preconcentrate was formulated on the basis of solubility of artemether (ARM) in the various oily phases and surfactants and phase diagrams. Various solid adsorbents were evaluated for their ability yield solid microemulsion preconcentrates (NanOsorb-ARM). NanOsorb-ARM on dilution yielded microemulsion with average globule size of 183 nm and polydispersity index of 0.498 when det...

Subacute toxicity of 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene (DCNB) was examined by feeding F344 rats and BDF1 mice of both sexes a diet containing DCNB at 625, 1250, 2500, 5000 or 10,000 ppm (w/w) for 2 weeks. All DCNB-fed rats survived to the end of the 2-week administration period, but 2 male and 6 female mice fed 10,000 ppm died during this period. The subacute toxicity was characterized by lesions aff...