Nowadays, because of their innovative and scholarly nature, the scientific-research articles are taken into account as the best and sometimes the only judging criterion of their authors and scientific community. Therefore, all those who work in the academic fields and are working as A.M. and doctorate students or teachers are required to test their proficiency and to show that they are qualifie...

Phycobilins, open-chain tetrapyrrole pigment molecules, serve as accessory photosynthetic light-harvesting pigments in red algae and cyanobacteria. Phycobilin pigments are covalently linked with proteins and formed phycobiliproteins are organized into large macromolecular complexes called phycobilisomes on the top of the thylakoid membranes. In deep water, only green light is available, thus ph...

سطح ذرات کلوئیدی یا ارگان‏های مختلف سلولی در حضور آب اغلب باردار می‏گردد. این سطحِ باردار با جذب یون‏های مخالف و دفع یون‏های موافق، ناحیه‏ای باردار پیرامونِ خود ایجاد می‏کند که دولایه‎ی باردار (electrical double layer) نامیده‏ می‎شود. به دلیلِ پیچیدگی مربوط به توزیعِ عوامل باردار رویِ سطح کلوئید و نیز ساختارِ پیچیده‏ی آب و ... پیش‏بینیِ توزیعِ بار و پتانسیلِ الکتریکی در این دولایه - به‎شکل دقیق عملاً – غ...

abstract part one: the electrode oxidation potentials of a series of eighteen n-hydroxy compounds in aqueous solution were calculated based on a proper thermodynamic cycle. the dft method at the level of b3lyp-6-31g(d,p) was used to calculate the gas-phase free energy differences ,and the polarizable continuum model (pcm) was applied to describe the solvent and its interaction with n-hydroxy ...

اساس نظریه مجموعه های ناهموار، بدین صورت است که برای هر زیرمجموعه از یک مجموعه کلی، با استفاده از یک رابه هم ارزی، یک زوج مرتب از مجموعه ها را معرفی می کند. هر موفه را به ترتیب، تقریب پایینی و بالایی می نامند. تقریب پایین از یک زیرمجموعه،اجتماع تمام عناصری از مجموعه ی کلی است که کلاس هم ارزی مربوط به آن عنصر، در زیرمجموعه ی مورد نظر قرار گیرد و همچنین، تقریب بالا از آن زیرمجموعه، اجتماع تمام عن...

since esp received universal attention to smooth the path for academic studies and productions, a great deal of research and studies have been directed towards this area. swales’ (1990) model of ra introduction move analysis has served a pioneering role of guiding many relevant studies and has proven to be productive in terms of helpful guidelines that are the outcome of voluminous productions ...