in this note first we define the notions of fuzzy positive implicativehyper bck-ideals of types 1,2,3 and 4. then we prove some theorems whichcharacterize the above notions according to the level subsets. also we obtainthe relationships among these notions, fuzzy (strong, weak, reflexive) hyperbck-ideals and fuzzy positive implicative hyper bck-ideals of types 5,6,7and 8. then, we define the no...

Abstract The pressure-velocity formulation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is solved using high-order finite difference operators satisfying a summation-by-parts property. Two methods for imposing Dirichlet boundary conditions (one strong and one weak) are presented proven stable energy method. Additionally, novel diagonal-norm second-derivative derived with highly improved accura...

The international literature on active labour market programmes has generated inconsistent and confusing, but generally pessimistic, conclusions regarding their impact on the employment prospects of participants. This paper argues that much of this confusion is due to a general lack of attention to qualitative differences between programmes. The paper develops a typology of active labour market...