heat stress is an important and serious threat at work and is a particular concern in outdoor occupational environments. this study aims at comparing heat stress and heat strain at different outdoor groups, examining the protective and adaptive actions which were done by workers and also provi services to them by government or employer to reduce heat load. this cross–sectional study was conduct...

BACKGROUND The urban soundscape, which represents the totality of noise in the urban setting, is formed from a wide range of sources. One of the most ubiquitous and least studied of these is street-level (i.e., sidewalk) noise. Mainly associated with vehicular traffic, street level noise is hard to ignore and hard to escape. It is also potentially dangerous, as excessive noise from any source i...

Movement of people in a city forms a complex system, which includes street networks, traffic infrastructures (e.g. traffic lights, signs) as well as the actions of intelligent pedestrians and vehicles. Since increasing traffic has become a common problem all over the world recently, a peer-to-peer shared ride trip planning system is designed as a solution. With transportation client and host ag...

Street and highway traffic park ing have long been recognized as a m ajor problem of cities and towns th roughou t the nation . In m any com ­ m unities it is the num ber one headache. Inadequate handling of this problem has resulted in b lighted areas, decen tralization , and decreasing of property values. Every com m unity in the nation regularly experiences a huge econom ic loss from traffic...

Traffic models play an important role in both today’s traffic research and in many traffic applications such as traffic flow prediction, incident detection and traffic control. In this paper we concentrate on motorway traffic models for traffic control. First, we discuss why traffic control is important for both practice and research. We also argue why a model-based approach to traffic control ...

By applying visual analytics techniques to vehicle traffic data, we found a way to visualize and study the relationships between the traffic intensity and movement speed on links of a spatially abstracted transportation network. We observed that the traffic intensities and speeds in an abstracted network are interrelated in the same way as they are in a detailed street network at the level of s...

The judicious allocation of traffic matrix sources/destinations to nodes of an exemplar optical packet switching architecture, the Manhattan street network, is studied in this paper. The node placement optimisation (NPO) problem is intractable, hence simulated annealing is used to find (near) optimal solutions expeditiously. A number of nonuniform traffic patterns are considered, facilitating t...

The study deals with the possibility of reducing peak power consumption when melting snow/ice on pavements, by including meteorological prediction models. It is shown that if meteorological predictions are reasonably accurate e.g. more than 5 h into the future, the use of expensive fossil/electrical back-up fuel can be reduced in district heating systems based on bio fuel.

Automatic Street Light Control System is not only easiest but also the powerful technique. Relay uses as a automatic switchin this system. It releases the manual work atmost upto 100% . As soon as the sunlight goes under the visible region of our eyes this system automatically switches ON lights. Light Dependant Resistor (LDR )is a type of sensor which actually does this work and senses the lig...