in recent years many transformations have occurred in iranian society and women and girls still have a lot of worries about comes to urban public spaces. also, due to some ambiguities in defining the domain of public space in traditional islamic cities and gaps in the knowledge related to the kurdish cities, the main problem of this paper is how we can define a participatory approach to improve...


 Abstract: Public space is one of the most common areas in a city. In urban area, image arises from variety natural aspects, such as art, culture, history, made-to-measure architecture, facilities, and its infrastructure public space. This research aimed at attraction users towards street corridor facade illlumination along Asia Afrika The analysis done using quantitative methods form que...

The Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives released a study in early January highlighting the growing income disparities between the richest and poorest Canadians. Income tax files from 2007 show that the average income of the top 1% of income earners was over $400,000 compared to about $44,000 for the average Canadian, almost a tenfold difference. Those who laboured at the minimum wage earned...

A model of social interactions shows why and when reputation concerns may support an ‘underclass’ culture of street crime where the incentives for such behavior are otherwise weak. Those who do not gain from street crime directly nevertheless find it optimal to invest in violence and thereby build a reputation that will earn them deference from the rest of the community. Even when the fraction ...

En el artículo se analiza al colectivo Gráfica X Morritas bajo los postulados teóricos de Scott (2008) permitir la indagación las mujeres en procesos históricos sociedades. La teoría posibilitó entendimiento posición que tiene agrupación dentro del street art, así como acciones gráficas les ayudan a construcción su papel historia movimiento gráfico-callejero San Luis Potosí. El conocimiento act...

In urban centers around the world, street art has become an unavoidable element of landscape. Located in west-central Portugal, Aveiro is no exception to this trend, and form been used enhance cultural vibrancy a place where tourism one most important economic pillars. Seeking look beyond value as product, by combining observations photos from field research with bibliographic documental data, ...