Spammers intend to increase the PageRank of certain spam pages by creating a large number of links pointing to them. We propose a novel method based on the concept of personalized PageRank that detects pages with an undeserved high PageRank value without the need of any kind of white or blacklists or other means of human intervention. We assume that spammed pages have a biased distribution of p...

SampleBoost is an intelligent multi-class boosting algorithm that employs an error parameter combined with stratified sampling during training iterations to accommodate multi-class data sets and avoid problems associated with traditional boosting methods. In this paper we investigate the choice of the error parameter along with the preferred sampling sizes for our method. Experimental results s...

The aim of the present study is to assess how the necessary practice of professional secrecy may be a stressor for doctors, and to what extent MM (mortality and morbidity)-meetings and having a doctor as a spouse or partner, may serve as outlets for emotional charge. A postal survey was sent to a stratified sample of 780 doctors working in and outside hospitals in a health region in Norway (1.1...

The ability to monitor sugarcane expansion in Brazil, the world’s largest producer and exporter of sugar and second largest producer of ethanol, is important due to its agricultural, economic, strategic and environmental relevance. With the advent of flex fuel cars in 2003 the sugarcane area almost doubled over the last decade in the South-Central region of Brazil. Using remote sensing images, ...

The notion of stratified (L, M)-semiuniform convergence tower spaces is introduced, which extends the notions ofprobabilistic semiuniform convergence spaces and lattice-valued semiuniform convergence spaces. The resulting categoryis shown to be a strong topological universe. Besides, the relations between our category and that of stratified (L, M)-filter tower spaces are studied.

We examined 66 cats with salinomycin intoxication. Salinomycin caused different LMN signs of varying degrees of severity in all cases. Changes in blood work were unspecific, with the most frequent being increased serum creatine kinase activity, leukocytosis, and increased liver enzymes. Pathological electrodiagnostic findings: fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves were detected in 10...

There are many sources of error in counting votes: the apparent winner might not be the rightful winner. Hand tallies of the votes in a random sample of precincts can be used to test the hypothesis that a full manual recount would find a different outcome. This paper develops a conservative sequential test based on the vote-counting errors found in a hand tally of a simple or stratified random ...

We investigate the space of ordinal semantics, where the status of an argument is interpreted by a natural number. In doing so we do not only consider the usual acceptability-based approach for generalizing classical semantics to multivalued semantics, i. e., positioning “undecided” arguments to be in between “in” and “out” arguments, but also a controversiality-based approach where we interpre...

This descriptive survey research was undertaken to study the factors affecting attitudes of agricultural faculty members towards nanotechnology. The statistical population of this study consisted of the agricultural faculty members in Iran (N=225). A sample of 144 persons was selected by using the stratified random sampling method. Data collected using a mailed questionnaire that was validated ...