The apical portion of the Arabidopsis globular stage embryo gives rise to the cotyledons and the shoot apical meristem (SAM). The SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) gene is required for SAM formation during embryogenesis and for SAM function throughout the lifetime of the plant. To more precisely define the development of molecular pattern in the apical portion of the embryo, and the role of the STM gene...

Soluble flagellin (sFliC) from Salmonella Typhimurium (STm) can induce a Th2 response to itself and coadministered antigens through ligation of TLR5. These properties suggest that sFliC could potentially modulate responses to Th1 antigens like live STm if both antigens are given concurrently. After coimmunization of mice with sFliC and STm there was a reduction in Th1 T cells (T-bet(+) IFN-γ(+)...

The capacity to keep multiple items in short-term memory (STM) improves over childhood and provides the foundation for the development of multiple cognitive abilities. The goal of this study was to measure the extent to which age differences in STM capacity are related to differences in task engagement during encoding. Children (n = 69, mean age = 10.6 years) and adults (n = 54, mean age = 27.5...

Short-term memory (STM) refers to the capacity-limited retention of information over a brief period of time, and working memory (WM) refers to the manipulation and use of that information to guide behavior. In recent years it has become apparent that STM and WM interact and overlap with other cognitive processes, including attention (the selection of a subset of information for further processi...

Williams (WS) and Down (DS) syndromes have been associated with specifically compromised short-term memory (STM) subsystems. Individuals with WS have shown impairments in visuospatial STM, while individuals with DS have often shown problems with the recall of verbal material. However, studies have not usually compared the development of STM skills in these domains, in these populations. The pre...

INTRODUCTION The significance of endothelial injury in children with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has not been well studied. Plasma levels of soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), an endothelial surface protein involved in coagulation, have been associated with endothelial injury. We hypothesized that elevated plasma sTM would correlate with mortality and organ failure in children wit...

The main objective of an ecosystem sustainable management is to preserve itscapacity to respond and adapt to current disturbances and/or future changes, and maintain theprovision of environmental goods and services. Two very important properties linked to thisobjective are the ecosystem resilience and resistance to disturbance factors. The objective ofthis paper is to recommend conceptual modif...

The electronic structures of self-assembled hybrid chains comprising Ag atoms and organic molecules were studied using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) in parallel with density functional theory (DFT). Hybrid chains were prepared by catalytic breaking of Br-C bonds in 4,4″-dibromo-p-terphenyl molecules, followed by spontaneous formation of Ag-C bonds on Ag(111). An ato...

The photon emission yield observed in scanning tunneling microscopy ~STM! measurements of Au hemispheroid-decorated thin films is used to elucidate the interaction of tunneling electrons with local surface plasmon modes. The photon emission probability is found to depend on the surface feature size. The agreement of a model calculation with the experimental results demonstrates that inelastic e...