High-resolution pollen analyses were performed on two cores from the western Black Sea and one core Marmara Sea, covering Late Glacial-Holocene transition using 14C chronology. Particular effort was invested in botanical identification of grains thereby significantly improving our knowledge regional flora. When interpreted with respect to modern vegetation, records revealed all major changes ca...

Due to the intensified land use in transformed landscapes, grassland biodiversity is often restricted habitat fragments inadequate for arable or urban development. In continental parts of Eurasia, ~600,000 ancient burial mounds (called “kurgans”) built by nomadic tribes steppes are amongst most widespread landmarks providing refuge dry species. our study using plant functional groups and traits...

This article analyses the dynamics land use in Lake Chad area located Extreme East of Nigerien territory region Diffa. The study was conducted by using approach “Land-Use and Land-Cover Change (LULCC.” digital satellite pictures Landsat TM for year 1990, ETM 2010 2018 were used. analysis soil occupation indicated some significant changes milieu. food market gardening crops produced during perio...