We employed F-statistics to analyze quantitative and isozyme variation among five populations of Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia, a wind-pollinated outcrossing conifer with wide and continuous distribution in west North America. Estimates of population differentiation (FST) for six quantitative traits were compared with the overall estimate of the differentiation (F*ST) from 19 isozymes that test...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional and radiological outcomes of a cementless, trauma-specific locked stem for 3- and 4-part proximal humeral fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study consisted of two parts: a cadaver study with 22 shoulders and a multicenter prospective clinical study of 23 fracture patients evaluated at least 2 years after treatment. In t...

Leaf shape, including leaf size, leaf dissection index (LDI), and venation distribution, strongly impacts leaf physiology and the forces of momentum exerted on leaves or the canopy under windy conditions. Yet, little has been known about how leaf shape affects the morphological response of trees to wind load. We studied eight Quercus species, with different leaf shapes, to determine the morphol...

The effect of tree age, size and competition on above ground growth allocation was studied with 69 Pinus sylvestris trees. Competition was described by tree-level indicators (needle density, crown ratio and height-diameter ratio). The stem, branch and needle growth were determined by stem and branch radial increments and tree level biomass analysis. Combined growth of compartments was strongly ...

The agronomic management of pitahaya can enhance its yield. Thus, the use Ascophyllumnodosum contributes to plantdevelopment. objective was evaluate effect Ascophyllumnodosumon height, stem diameter, length, shoot diameterand heat accumulation. Two varieties were used: Hylocereusmonacanthus(Lem.) Britton & Rose, Hylocereusocamponis (Salm)Britton Rose and three doses (0, 1.0 2.0 L ha-1), thu...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between juvenile and mature woods Populus alba trees in axial radial directions stem. For purpose, three stands P. were randomly chosen cut from at their diameter breast height. Three disks with a thickness 5 cm taken different height levels along tree stems. specimens sequentially position according ISO standards method. results indicated t...

the asiatic hybrid lily, a bulbous ornamental plant, has a special position in the horticulture as cut flower. to overcome some problems in nutrition of bulb flowers, the use of hydroponic system and nutrient solution is important in the cultivation of these flowers. the asiatic hybrid lilium bulbs “tresor” cultivar, used for the current research were planted under 3 different calcium levels in...

in order to reduce consumption of chemical fertilizers and in order to evaluate the effect of biofertilizers on yield and yield components of sunflower nuts (helianthus annuus l.), the research was carried out with using factorial based randomized complete block design with three replications at agriculture and natural resources researches station of khoy in 2011. the first factor was  three su...

The paper analyses biometrical and anatomical traits of wood in a leaning stem of pine trees. For study purpose, five pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) with a visibly leaning stem were chosen. Wood samples were taken at three different stem heights, that is, below the stem curvature, at the curvature and above the curvature. Microscopic specimens were prepared and used for the following measurem...