Vetiver [Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty syn. Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash] commonly known as khas-khas, khas, khus-khus or khus grass belongs to the family Poaceae. The roots of this grass on steam distillation yield an essential oil mainly consisting of sesquiterpenes (3-4 %), sesquiterpenols (18-25 %) and sesquiterpenones (7-8 %). Among these, the major economically important active ...

Blumea megacephala essential oil, obtained through steam distillation of samples collected from the Shiwang Mountains in Guangxi Province, China, was analyzed using GC-FID and GC-MS. Among the 65 compounds identified in the oil, the main compounds were borneol (13.6 %), β-caryophyllene (9.56 %), germacrene D (9.09 %), sabinene (6.37 %), and α-humulene (4.78 %). Antimicrobial activity revealed t...

The oxidation state of traditional fish products was measured by determining the malondialdehyde (MDA) level by HPLC and the results were compared to those given by a spectrophotometric method. The procedure involves oxidation of the products by incubation at 40 degrees C for 3 d. Samples were steam distilled in a Kjeldahl distillation apparatus and the MDA was determined in the aqueous distill...

Herbal products demand is growing exponentially throughout the world and various pharmaceutical sectors are currently conducting extensive research on plant materials for their potential medicinal value. Cyperus scariosus have been widely used as anti-inflammatory, astringent, antimicrobial, hypotensive, stimulant of central nervous system, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, analgesic. It contains...

With the widespread availability of model predictive control (MPC), nonlinear MPC provides a natural extension to include nonlinear models for trajectory tracking and dynamic optimization. NMPC can include first principle models developed for off-line dynamic studies as well as nonlinear data-driven models, but requires the application of efficient large-scale optimization strategies to avoid c...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the chemical composition of essential oil isolated from the rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga L. The essential oil was isolated from the dried rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga L. by steam distillation method and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. Total fifty constituents were identified from rhizome oil constituting 97.19%...

Aedes aegypti L. is the major vector of dengue fever, an endemic disease in Brazil. In an effort to find effective and affordable ways to control this mosquito, the larvicidal activities of essential oils from nine plants widely found in the Northeast of Brazil were analyzed by measurement of their LC50. The essential oils were extracted by steam distillation and their chemical composition dete...

Page Introduction 1 Methods of extraction 2 Extraction by expression 2 Extraction by solution 2 Extraction with cold solid fats _-_ 3 Extraction with hot liquid fats --3 Extraction with volatile solvents 4 Extraction by steam distillation 6 Design and construction of volatile-oil stills 6 Operation of volatile-oil stills__ 12 Commercial production of volatile oils in the United States^ 15 Oils ...

Moutan cortex, a widely used traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various diseases, is the root bark of Peaonia suffruticosa Andrews (Paeoniaceae). In this study, the crude polysaccharides (CPS), paeonol and the crude total glycosides (CTG) of moutan cortex were extracted by the multiple-stage extraction. CPS was extracted by water, paeonol was distilled by steam distillation metho...

BACKGROUND A comparative analysis by using static headspace (HS) and steam distillation (SD) GC-MS of the volatile and the semi-volatile secondary metabolites from leaves of cultivated Majorana syriaca. METHODS The essential oils endogenous to cultivated thyme were isolated and identified by HS-GC-MS technology and compared to those from SD-GC-MS. RESULTS The HS-GC-MS results showed that th...