Context: Muscle fatigue is an important concept in regard to the muscle function of the shoulder joint. Its effect on the muscle force couples of the glenohumeral joint has not been fully identified. Objective: To examine the effects of muscle fatigue on muscle force-couple activation in the normal shoulder. Design: Pretest, posttest. Patients: Ten male subjects, age 18–30 years, with no previo...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of dynamic exercise utilizing the PNF (proprioceptor neuromuscular facilitation) patterns accompanied by abdominal drawing-in exercises on abdominal muscle thickness in healthy adults. [Subjects] The total number of subjects was 30;15 were randomly placed in the training group (TG), and the remaining 15 made up the control group (CG)...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare shoulder stabilization muscle activities according to postural changes during flexi-bar exercise. [Subjects] The subjects included 18 students (10 males, 8 females) at B University. [Methods] The subjects performed the following flexi-bar exercises: 1) medio-lateral oscillation with the 90° shoulder abduction, with the hand in the neutral posit...

STUDY DESIGN A randomized clinical trial with blinded assessment. OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical efficacy of 2 active interventions for patients with chronic low back pain. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Manual therapy and exercise prescription are treatments frequently prescribed for patients with chronic low back pain. The evidence for the relative benefit of these treatments is limit...