The present work describes the effects of winter and spring genotypes of rapeseed (PF7045/91, Okapi and Opera), explants (cotyledons and hypocotyls), light, different kinds and concentrations of auxins [Naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and 2, 4dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D)], presence of cytokinin [benzyladenine (BA)] and different concentrations of micro and macro elements (MS and 1/2MS) on call...

A flock of 370 Dorset x Romney ewes with up to 96% autumn lambtng was developed without the aid of hormones. Data from flock and experimental records were used to compare the performance of autumnand spring-born lambs and their dams. Preliminary findings for three seasons show that ewes lambed in autumn had a greater spread of lambing, lower litter size and fewer perinatal lamb deaths. Growth o...

The Critical Depth Hypothesis formalized by Sverdrup in 1953 posits that vernal phytoplankton blooms occur when surface mixing shoals to a depth shallower than a critical depth horizon defining the point where phytoplankton growth exceeds losses. This hypothesis has since served as a cornerstone in plankton ecology and reflects the very common assumption that blooms are caused by enhanced growt...

Vernalization is an essential process by which many temperate plant species acquire competence for flowering. Brachypodium distachyon is a model plant for temperate grasses including many cool-season forage and turfgrasses and cereals. Grasses with spring growth habit do not require vernalization for flowering and are typically less winter hardy. Yet the connection between vernalization and fre...

Extreme winter losses of honey bee colonies are a major threat to beekeeping but the combinations of factors underlying colony loss remain debatable. We monitored colonies in two environments (colonies wintered indoors or outdoors) and characterized the effects of two parasitic mites, seven viruses, and Nosema on honey bee colony mortality and population loss over winter. Samples were collected...

ABSTRACT Overwintering of tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca, was investigated on common winter annual host plants infected with Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Populations of tobacco thrips produced on TSWV-infected plants did not differ from those produced on healthy plants, whereas populations varied greatly among host plant species. The mean per plant populations of F. fusca averaged 401...

The Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) fishery recently collapsed in the Gulf of Alaska after a series marine heatwaves that began 2014. To gauge likelihood population recovery following these extreme warming events, we investigate potential thermal stress on age-0 cohorts through comprehensive analysis juvenile abundance, condition, growth, and survival data collected from 15 years beach seine ...

background: today, treated wastewater recycling and reuse has been considered for agricultural irrigation. this can potentially cause health and environmental hazards. since accessing the engelberg index for sewage is a necessity, this study was undertaken on integrated stabilization ponds (isp) of isfahan east wastewater treatment plant, isfahan, iran. methods: this cross-section study was con...