the aim of this research was to survey the challenges facing thedevelopment of sport for all as well as to analyze suitable strategies in orderto develop physical activities for different members of the society. thestatistical population consisted of the participants in stations of sport for allin iran in 2012 (21% of the population of the country). 2000 participantswho were selected as the sam...

muslim scholars and islamic official institutions consider human cloning as opposing religious doctrine, and forbidden. their ideas are based upon some theological and juridical arguments, including: posing a challenge to the creative power of god, breaking the tradition of marriage, breaking the tradition of diversity in creatures or species, making changes in divine creatures, game with creat...

Psychological skills can help athletes maximize their physical skills (Smith, Schutz, Smoll, & Ptacek, 1995) and overcome sport-related adversity. These skills may be especially beneficial to athletes performing within natural and unstable risk sport environments. The current study assessed psychological skills among risk sport athletes (N 5 232) and the impact of experience on the use of such ...

BACKGROUND School-based extracurricular sport remains an effective strategy to increase physical activity. However, school sport is often limited to a small number of elite athletes. Few schools provide more inclusive sport programs that offer a wider array of activities regardless of ability. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine school sport participation in middle schools (ages 11-1...

Year-round training in a single sport beginning at a relatively young age is increasingly common among youth. Contributing factors include perceptions of Eastern European sport programs, a parent's desire to give his or her child an edge, labeling youth as talented at an early age, pursuit of scholarships and professional contracts, the sporting goods and services industry, and expertise resear...

The purpose of this study was to examine the factorial validity of the 5-factor model of sport organizational effectiveness developed by Papadimitriou and Taylor. This questionnaire has 33 items which assess five composite effectiveness dimensions pertinent to the operation of sport organizations: calibre of the board and external liaisons, interest in athletes, internal procedures, long term p...

The purpose of this study was to examine the sport experience for athletes with intellectual disabilities (ID) who participate in Special Olympics (SO). This study included a nationally representative sample of 1,307 families and 579 athletes in the U.S., focusing on sport involvement over the lifespan and motives for participating and for leaving SO. Athletes with ID are similar to athletes wi...

background: understanding the differences in genetics of malignancies is crucial for therapeutic decisions. this systematic review was conducted to evaluate the current evidence on genetics of bone tumors in the context of pediatric cancer. material and methods: we performed a systematic review of the literature published on genetics of pediatrics bone tumors, using pubmed, google scholar, scie...

the aim of this study was to survey four fundamental effective factors in sport sponsorship decision making. for this purpose, viewpoints of 30 experts and active individuals in sport sponsorship such as managers of sponsor corporations, authorities of sport federations and clubs were analyzed. the method of this research was qualitative and explorative and was performed through interviews. the...

165 The Analysis of the Reliability and Factorial Validity in the Basic Characteristics of Isometric F-t curve of the Leg Extensors in Well Trained Serbian Males and Females Milivoj Dopsaj, Jelena Ivanović Analytic and diagnostic in sport, Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade University, Blagoja Parovića Street 156, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected] Republic Institute for S...