Ferns (Pteridophyta) are free-sporing vascular plants with a unique life cycle free-living gametophyte and sporophyte phases. The fern species has nearly 90% of the extant diversity, it was first higher-level pteridophyte classification in world. This study aimed to assess identify different composition diversity variation ferns found lower elevations at primary forest Barangay San Rafael, Pros...

We describe a method for production of kelp using meiospore seeding creating flexibility extended storage time prior to outplanting. One bottleneck expansion the farming industry is lack in timing seeded twine production, which dependent on fertility wild sporophytes. tested methods slow gametophyte growth and reproduction early life stages by manipulating temperature Saccharina latissima. Redu...