ARTERIAL PCO2 IS DICTATED by the ratio between the level of pulmonary gas exchange and alveolar ventilation (V̇A), not minute ventilation. If so, how could isocapnia be maintained if only the magnitude (tidal volume, VT) and duration (TI and TTOT) of the neural output produced by the central pattern generator of breathing (CPG) can be altered? In other words, what is the strategy used by the res...

Cerebrovascular autoregulation is evaluated from spontaneous fluctuations in mean flow velocity (MFV) by transcranial Doppler ultrasound of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) with respect to changes in arterial blood pressure (BP(MCA)), but the effects of spontaneous fluctuations in arterial Pco(2) on MFV have been largely ignored. Autoregressive moving average analysis (ARMA), a closed-loop syst...