conclusions according to the results of our study, neck collar fixation has no effect on ventilation in multiple trauma patients. results this study involved 163 multiple trauma patients. of these, 65% were male. the mean of end tidal carbon dioxide (etco2) of the patients without neck collars was 34.62 ± 4.46 and the mean etco2 of the patients with neck collars was 34.21 ± 2.31. there was no s...

Background: The treatment of open tibial fractures is still an orthopaedic challenge and full of complications. In many cases the use of external fixator that has been known as a non-union machine is obligatory with a high incidence of pin track infection and other complications. The aim of this study was to compare the use of external fixation as a definite method for treatment of open tibial ...

Background: Caffeine is a kind of methylxanthine whose consumption can promote the cognitive and executive functions of the human brain. Objectives: In this study, we seek to investigate the effect of drinking coffee on the period of the eye movement fixation component. Materials and Methods: The research was of the quasi-experimental type. 60 subjects were randomly divided into two group...

Pediatric mandibular fractures have been successfully managed in various ways. The use of a lingual splint is an option. This article presents a 4-year old boy who was treated by an alternative conservative method with a combination of an arch bar plus a lingual splint, circum-mandibular wiring and IMF for the reduction, stabilization and fixation of a severely displaced bilateral man‌dibular b...