Worldwide, spinal cord injury (SCI) affects around 500,000 people each year and results in significant morbidity. The primary insult to the occurs at time of initial injury, which may result from a contusion, laceration or more rarely transection. Secondary damage SCI is insidious subacute; it combination an inflammatory response, vascular changes ionic dysregulation. Early clinical interventio...

Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the secondary microglial activation processes after spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: A quantitative histological study was performed to determine ED-1 positive cells, glial cell density, and cavitation size in untreated SCI rats at days 1, 2, and 4, and weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4. Results: The results of glial cell quantification along the 4900...

We examined the potential efficacy of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) applied over traumatized spinal cord, alone or in combination, for attenuating motor dysfunction, blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) breakdown, edema formation, and cell injury in a rat model. Under Equithesin anesthesia, spinal cord injury (SCI) was performed by making a un...

Innovative integration of vocational rehabilitation (VR) services into the healthcare continuum for veterans with spinal cord injury (SCI) was the focus of the inaugural meeting of the “Spinal Cord Injury—Vocational Integration Program (SCI-VIP): Implementations and Outcomes” project, held in Dallas, Texas, November 29 through December 1, 2005. The project is funded through the Department of Ve...

1 Paracelsus Medical University, Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria 2 Paracelsus Medical University, Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria 3 University Cli...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers profound changes in visceral and somatic targets of sensory neurons below the level of injury. Despite this, little is known about the influence of injury to the spinal cord on sensory ganglia. One of the defining characteristics of sensory neurons is the size of their cell body: for example, nociceptors are smaller in size than mechanoreceptors or propriocepto...

The spinal cord injury (SCI) refers to a condition that the damage to the spinal cord causes neurologic dysfunction. In the case of neurologic dysfunction owing to SCI, its recovery is desperate, and the pathological condition appears as the incompetence of the body. Originally, neural axons can expand even after injury and produce a recovery of the neuronal network [1]. However, the SCI leads ...

Hypothesis / aims of study Neurogenic Dysfunction of the bladder in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients is a serious problem in all patients leading to significant morbidity, and regarded as an indicator of neurologic conditions in spinal cord after injury. In this study, we investigated the time-related effect of Granulocyte Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on urodynamic parameters ...

In a previous report we showed that intravenous infusion of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improved functional recovery after contusive spinal cord injury (SCI) in the non-immunosuppressed rat, although the MSCs themselves were not detected at the spinal cord injury (SCI) site [1]. Rather, the MSCs lodged transiently in the lungs for about two days post-infusion. Preliminary ...

Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in devastating functional deficits that involve the respiratory and hand function. The mammalian spinal cord has limited ability to regenerate and restore meaningful functional recovery following SCI. Riluzole, 2-amino-6-trifluoromethoxybenzothiazole, an anti-glutamatergic drug has been shown to reduce excitotoxicity and confer neuroprotection at the...