Chronic liver disease is known to cause several skin manifestations, including cutaneous vascular changes such as palmar erythema and spider angioma. Spider angioma has been reported to be associated with severe chronic liver disease [1]. A 54-year-old male patient presented herein had diagnosed alcoholic cirrhosis for ten years and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed grade III esophageal...

Spiders are an important animal group, with a long history. Details of their origins remain limited, with little knowledge of their stem group, and no insights into the sequence of character acquisition during spider evolution. We describe a new fossil arachnid, Idmonarachne brasierigen. et sp. nov. from the Late Carboniferous (Stephanian,ca 305-299 Ma) of Montceau-les-Mines, France. It is thre...

Despite its long history, the classical game of peg solitaire continues to attract the attention of the scientific community. In this paper, we consider two problems with an algorithmic flavour which are related with this game, namely Solitaire-Reachability and Solitaire-Army. In the first one, we show that deciding whether there is a sequence of jumps which allows a given initial configuration...

We consider a stochastic variant of the game of Bulgarian solitaire [9]. For the stationary measure of the random Bulgarian solitaire, we prove that most of its mass is concentrated on (roughly) triangular configurations of certain type.

N Engl J Med 2005;352:700-7. Copyright © 2005 Massachusetts Medical Society. utaneous injury caused by spider venom has been recognized by physicians in the United States only since the late 1950s, with recluse spiders (genus loxosceles) most frequently implicated. During the past five decades, the growing popular belief that spiders cause many cases of skin necrosis in the United States has re...

More than 40,000 species of spiders have been identified in the world. Spider bites is a common problem among people, however few of them are harmful but delay in treatment can cause death. Since the spider bites are risk full to human, they should be taken seriously, especially in endemic areas. Our objective in this review was to study about poisonous spiders and find out treatments of them. ...

BACKGROUND There has never been any published work about the diversity of spiders in the city of Rio de Janeiro using analytical tools to measure diversity. The only available records for spider communities in nearby areas indicate 308 species in the National Park of Tijuca and 159 species in Marapendi Municipal Park. These numbers are based on a rapid survey and on an one-year survey respectiv...

There are more than 30,000 species of spiders, most of which cannot inflict serious bites to humans because of their delicate mouthparts and impotent or prey-specific venoms. However, some spiders produce toxic venoms that can cause skin lesions, systemic illnesses, and neurotoxicity. One of the more common bites is inflicted by the widow spiders (Latrodectus species). A bite from a widow spide...

Many visual languages based on Euler diagrams have emerged for expressing relationships between sets. The expressive power of these languages varies, but the majority are monadic and some include equality. Spider diagrams are one such language, being equivalent in expressive power to monadic first order logic with equality. Spiders are used to represent the existence of elements or specific ind...

The focus of my PhD was on spider diagrams and constraint diagrams. Constraint diagrams are a visual language for expressing logical statements. The spider diagram language forms a fragment of the constraint diagram language. I developed two diagrammatic reasoning systems. The first of these, based on spider diagrams, directly extends previous work. The second system is based on the more expres...