Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is the most common anthocyanin in dark grains and berries a food functional factor to improve visual health. However, mechanisms of C3G on blue light-induced retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell photooxidative damage needs further exploration. We investigated effects light-irradiated A2E-containing RPE cells explored whether sphingolipid, mitogen-activated protein ki...

The consensus sequence of the third histidine box of a range of A,, A6, An and sphingolipid desaturases differs from that of the membrane-bound non-fusion A'' and A15 desaturases in the presence of glutamine instead of histidine. We have used site-directed mutagenesis to determine the importance of glutamine and other residues of the third histidine box and created a chimaeric enzyme to determi...