AIM To investigate the reversibility of the effect of nandrolone decanoate (ND) on sperm parameters after discontinuing the drug. METHODS Three groups of rats received peanut oil (control), low and high doses of ND for 14 weeks, respectively. Each group was divided into subgroups A and B, in which rats were killed 14 and 28 weeks after initiating the injection, respectively. RESULTS Sperm c...

Mammalian sperm are carriers of not only the paternal genome, but also the paternal epigenome in the forms of DNA methylation, retained histones and noncoding RNAs. Although paternal DNA methylation and histone retention sites have been correlated with protein-coding genes that are critical for preimplantation embryonic development, physiological evidence of an essential role of these epigeneti...

Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is characterized by the complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate due to testicular failure. The evaluation and management of patients with NOA offer a challenge to the reproductive urologist. In the era of in vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection, surgical sperm extraction techniques can afford men with NOA biologic paternity. To provide a ...

OBJECTIVE To identify the role of Interleukin-l Beta(IL-1β) in patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection. METHODS The quasi-experimental study was conducted at an infertility clinic in Islamabad from June 2010 to August 2011, and comprised couples opting for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Down regulation of ovaries was followed by calculated stimulation, ovulation induction, ooc...

Sperm chromatin/DNA damage can be measured by a variety of assays. However, it has been reported that these tests may lose prognostic value in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) cycles when assessed in post-prepared samples, possibly due to the normalizing effect promoted by sperm preparation procedures. We have recently implemented a modified version of the Diff-Quik staining assay that al...

this is the first report implementing combined density gradient centrifugation/zeta (dgc/zeta) sperm selection procedure for a couple with eleven previous intra cytoplasmic sperm injection/ in vitro fertilization (icsi/ivf) failure cycles. semen analysis was carried out according to world health organization criteria. protamine deficiency, dna fragmentation and morphology were assessed by chrom...