Background: In this feasibility study, a mechanically loaded in-vitro tissue culture model of joint morphogenesis using the isolated lower extremity of the 8 day old chick embryo was developed to assess the effects of mechanical loading on joint morphogenesis. Methods: The developed in-vitro system allows controlled flexion and extension of the chick embryonic knee with a range of motion of ...

Dry and moist tamping methods are widely used for the investigation of sandy soil liquefaction. However, effect these two tamping-based reconstitution on composite liquefaction behavior have been rarely assessed. In this study, dry were assessed using loose silica sand matrix (HN31) containing various amounts non-plastic silt particles (C500), by performing a series undrained triaxial compressi...